Viewing data for Squalus acanthias


Scientific name Squalus acanthias
Common name Spur dogfish
Maximum lifespan 75.00 years (Squalus acanthias@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16738 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 6491 10247 4095 2396 5088 5159
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 388 612 245 143 304 308
Base content (%) 38.8% 61.2%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11415 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 4489 6926 2989 1500 3572 3354
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 393 607 262 131 313 294
Base content (%) 39.3% 60.7%
D-loop: No data available for this section.
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1550 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 595 955 328 267 439 516
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 384 616 212 172 283 333
Base content (%) 38.4% 61.6%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2627 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1025 1602 552 473 701 901
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 390 610 210 180 267 343
Base content (%) 39.0% 61.0%
12S rRNA gene (size: 951 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 405 546 219 186 237 309
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 426 574 230 196 249 325
Base content (%) 42.6% 57.4%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1676 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 620 1056 333 287 464 592
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 370 630 199 171 277 353
Base content (%) 37.0% 63.0%

ATP6 (size: 684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 239 445 169 70 235 210
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 349 651 247 102 344 307
Base content (%) 34.9% 65.1%
ATP8 (size: 168 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 53 115 37 16 52 63
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 315 685 220 95 310 375
Base content (%) 31.5% 68.5%
COX1 (size: 1557 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 632 925 375 257 514 411
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 406 594 241 165 330 264
Base content (%) 40.6% 59.4%
COX2 (size: 691 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 265 426 159 106 209 217
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 384 616 230 153 302 314
Base content (%) 38.4% 61.6%
COX3 (size: 786 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 313 473 184 129 256 217
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 398 602 234 164 326 276
Base content (%) 39.8% 60.2%
CYTB (size: 1146 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 464 682 310 154 373 309
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 405 595 271 134 325 270
Base content (%) 40.5% 59.5%
ND1 (size: 975 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 393 582 265 128 302 280
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 403 597 272 131 310 287
Base content (%) 40.3% 59.7%
ND2 (size: 1046 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 425 621 319 106 308 313
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 406 594 305 101 294 299
Base content (%) 40.6% 59.4%
ND3 (size: 351 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 147 204 95 52 115 89
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 419 581 271 148 328 254
Base content (%) 41.9% 58.1%
ND4 (size: 1381 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 535 846 363 172 439 407
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 387 613 263 125 318 295
Base content (%) 38.7% 61.3%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 119 178 79 40 101 77
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 401 599 266 135 340 259
Base content (%) 40.1% 59.9%
ND5 (size: 1833 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 713 1120 492 221 563 557
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 389 611 268 121 307 304
Base content (%) 38.9% 61.1%
ND6 (size: 522 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 197 325 145 52 111 214
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 377 623 278 100 213 410
Base content (%) 37.7% 62.3%

ATP6 (size: 684 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 17 (7.49%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 24 (10.57%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 11 (4.85%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 50 (22.03%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 24 (10.57%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 12 (5.29%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 15 (6.61%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 11 (4.85%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (1.32%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
19 5 10 11 4 15 0 19 9 0 4 4 3 0 10 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 0 0 4 7 6 0 4 0 5 0 5 1 7 2 9
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
5 10 0 1 2 1 0 3 1 0 4 0 1 4 7 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 4 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
42 62 76 48
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
23 60 34 111
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
5 47 100 76
ATP8 (size: 168 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLNPHPWFAILVFSWIFFLVILPKKVMTHLFNNNPTAKSAEKPKPEPWNWPWT*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 0 (0%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 9 (16.36%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 0 (0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 0 1 1 0 2 0 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 3 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 2 1 0
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
1 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 2 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
8 15 19 14
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
6 16 16 18
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
2 6 28 20
COX1 (size: 1557 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 45 (8.69%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 46 (8.88%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 31 (5.98%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 35 (6.76%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 40 (7.72%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 63 (12.16%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 41 (7.92%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 25 (4.83%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 30 (5.79%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 41 (7.92%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 20 (3.86%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.28%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.7%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (1.93%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (2.9%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (1.74%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 19 (3.67%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 8 (1.54%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.54%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
29 12 20 15 10 13 4 20 8 1 16 3 17 4 26 15
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 1 12 15 18 1 14 12 14 5 9 7 14 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
11 15 2 9 8 9 0 0 5 15 5 1 1 8 7 8
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 9 1 7 7 7 1 2 1 5 0 0 0 1 0 16
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
155 108 129 127
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
76 137 96 210
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
26 130 186 177
COX2 (size: 691 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 14 (6.11%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 17 (7.42%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 12 (5.24%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 18 (7.86%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 27 (11.79%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 20 (8.73%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 14 (6.11%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.68%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (4.37%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 12 (5.24%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 16 (6.99%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 4 (1.75%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (4.37%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.62%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
12 8 11 6 2 2 2 15 9 0 6 3 8 1 5 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 2 0 3 5 5 1 3 1 4 1 2 4 6 1 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
1 6 0 3 7 3 1 1 2 7 3 1 0 2 2 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 16 0 4 8 3 1 2 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
69 50 57 54
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
25 53 65 87
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
12 56 95 67
COX3 (size: 786 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 21 (8.05%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 21 (8.05%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 13 (4.98%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 20 (7.66%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 19 (7.28%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 34 (13.03%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 11 (4.21%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (3.45%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (4.98%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 23 (8.81%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (5.36%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.6%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (3.83%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.07%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 16 (6.13%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.3%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
8 3 8 7 2 12 0 12 7 1 10 4 5 0 13 10
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 2 0 7 8 6 0 4 5 10 2 3 1 7 2 6
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
2 12 0 1 3 5 1 1 2 7 7 0 1 1 1 12
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 9 1 2 3 2 0 1 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
76 64 47 75
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
44 64 58 96
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
9 56 112 85
CYTB (size: 1146 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 25 (6.56%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 24 (6.3%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 22 (5.77%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 20 (5.25%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.79%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 18 (4.72%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 63 (16.54%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 41 (10.76%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 12 (3.15%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 20 (5.25%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 33 (8.66%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 13 (3.41%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (3.41%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 9 (2.36%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.57%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 22 (5.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (2.1%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (3.15%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.36%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.1%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 23 8 11 13 18 5 15 7 1 7 6 4 1 15 18
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 2 1 6 12 6 0 2 7 12 4 5 5 8 2 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
8 6 1 6 5 10 0 1 0 6 7 2 1 10 12 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 6 0 4 5 8 1 3 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 11
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
82 95 105 100
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
50 85 80 167
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
22 130 124 106
ND1 (size: 975 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 18 (5.56%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 27 (8.33%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 21 (6.48%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 26 (8.02%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 15 (4.63%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 63 (19.44%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 24 (7.41%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (4.63%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 22 (6.79%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 19 (5.86%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (4.32%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.23%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (3.09%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 11 (3.4%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (2.16%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 5 (1.54%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.16%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
14 10 11 11 12 16 3 19 7 0 2 6 6 1 15 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 0 0 7 8 11 1 4 4 6 4 6 6 10 0 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
9 12 0 1 9 8 0 0 3 7 7 1 2 6 5 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
2 9 1 2 2 7 0 2 1 5 0 0 0 1 0 7
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
74 84 86 81
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
37 93 59 136
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
17 88 135 85
ND2 (size: 1046 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 17 (4.9%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 26 (7.49%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 31 (8.93%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 34 (9.8%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 78 (22.48%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 35 (10.09%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 16 (4.61%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 18 (5.19%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 7 (2.02%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.73%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (2.02%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
19 16 12 17 17 19 1 23 11 0 0 1 7 0 9 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 0 5 15 6 0 1 7 7 2 3 5 10 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
17 13 0 4 15 6 1 1 4 4 3 0 1 4 9 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 6 0 0 2 10 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
59 95 113 81
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 104 56 150
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
9 120 143 76
ND3 (size: 1046 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 17 (4.9%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 26 (7.49%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 31 (8.93%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 34 (9.8%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 78 (22.48%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 35 (10.09%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 16 (4.61%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 18 (5.19%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 7 (2.02%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.73%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (2.02%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
19 16 12 17 17 19 1 23 11 0 0 1 7 0 9 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 0 5 15 6 0 1 7 7 2 3 5 10 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
17 13 0 4 15 6 1 1 4 4 3 0 1 4 9 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 6 0 0 2 10 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
59 95 113 81
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 104 56 150
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
9 120 143 76
ND4 (size: 1381 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 21 (4.58%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 34 (7.41%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 35 (7.63%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 34 (7.41%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 14 (3.05%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 92 (20.04%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 47 (10.24%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 26 (5.66%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 25 (5.45%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 18 (3.92%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (3.05%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 20 (4.36%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 6 (1.31%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (3.27%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
32 15 24 21 18 16 5 30 11 1 6 4 4 0 13 5
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 2 2 7 13 14 0 4 7 9 1 8 5 11 1 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
15 13 2 4 10 11 0 5 5 5 9 3 2 8 7 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 9 1 4 2 9 2 0 3 7 1 0 0 0 0 17
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
85 119 143 113
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
66 118 79 197
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
21 126 185 128
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 11 (11.22%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 14 (14.29%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 21 (21.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
4 1 4 3 4 4 1 9 2 0 0 1 1 0 5 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 2 2 1 5 5 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
2 2 0 3 3 5 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 2 2 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 1
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
21 21 24 33
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
15 30 14 40
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
4 28 39 28
ND5 (size: 1833 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 28 (4.59%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 42 (6.89%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 52 (8.52%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 48 (7.87%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 5 (0.82%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 21 (3.44%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 106 (17.38%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 62 (10.16%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 27 (4.43%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 30 (4.92%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 37 (6.07%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (2.3%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 14 (2.3%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.3%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (1.97%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 29 (4.75%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 21 (3.44%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 15 (2.46%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 24 (3.93%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 9 (1.48%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
39 23 20 24 14 33 6 27 17 4 8 5 6 2 22 15
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
7 2 3 11 20 11 0 4 6 15 3 4 12 13 1 13
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
19 14 2 9 9 19 2 5 8 4 10 3 2 11 18 8
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 10 2 6 8 24 0 1 4 4 0 0 0 0 1 11
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
117 152 203 139
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
69 159 130 253
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
35 181 224 171
ND6 (size: 522 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 27 (15.61%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 13 (7.51%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 8 (4.62%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 22 (12.72%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 33 (19.08%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 7 (4.05%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 8 (4.62%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 12 (6.94%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (5.78%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 7 (4.05%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (1.73%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (1.73%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
6 1 5 3 0 0 1 26 0 0 9 1 7 5 12 0
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 1 0 6 1 5 1 10 2 5 10 0 2 1 1 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 3 0 3 1 2 0 2 0 6 4 4 3 3 0 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 3 4 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
71 12 27 64
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 28 26 82
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
36 12 58 68
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11437 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 231 (6.06%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 288 (7.56%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 264 (6.93%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 271 (7.11%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 24 (0.63%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 194 (5.09%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 664 (17.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 330 (8.66%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 174 (4.57%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 209 (5.49%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 237 (6.22%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 123 (3.23%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 120 (3.15%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 73 (1.92%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 101 (2.65%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 138 (3.62%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 99 (2.6%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 104 (2.73%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 84 (2.2%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 73 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
209 121 134 138 102 155 28 227 90 9 68 39 73 14 152 85
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
40 15 9 73 111 100 4 51 56 92 32 51 53 94 11 62
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
91 111 7 45 75 83 6 24 31 63 60 17 14 63 75 56
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
48 88 13 32 41 77 7 13 17 41 2 0 0 8 2 103
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
887 908 1052 964
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
503 977 732 1599
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
206 1014 1476 1115

>NC_002012.1 Squalus acanthias mitochondrion, complete genome
GCTAGTGTAGCTTAATTGAAAGTATGGCACTGAAGATGCTAAGATGAAAAATAAAAATTTCCACGGGCAC
AAAAGGTTTGGTCCTAGCCTTAGTATTAATTGTAATTAGAATTATACATGCAAGTTTCCGCATCCCTGTG
AGAATGCCCTAATCAATCTGTTAATTGATCAGGAGCTGGTATCAGGCACACGCACGTAGCCCAAGACACC
TTGCTAAGCCACACCCCCAAGGGATTTCAGCAGTAATAAACATTGATTTTATAAGCGCAAGCTTGAATCA
GTTAAAATTAACTGGGTTGGTAAATCTCGTGCCAGCCACCGCGGTTATACGAGTGACCCTTATTAATATT
TTCCCGGCGTAAAGAGTGGTTTAAGAAAACCTTAAACAACTAAAGTTAAGACCTCATCAAGCCGTTATAC
GCTCTTATGAGAGGAATTATCAACAACGAAAGTGACTTTATAATATTAGAGACCTTGATGCCACGACAGT
TGGGCCCCAAACTAGGATTAGATACCCTACTATGCCCAACCACAAACTTAGACAATAACCTACTACATTG
TCCGCCAGAGTACTACAAGCGCTAGCTTAAAACCCAAAGGACTTGGCGGTGCTTCAGACCCCCCTAGAGG
AGCCTGTTCTATAACCGATAATCCCCGTTAAACCTCACCACCCCTTGCCAATACCGCCTATATACCGCCG
TCGTCAGCTCACCCTGTGAAGGATAAGAAGTAAGCAAAAAGAACTAACTCCCATACGTCAGGTCGAGGTG
TAGCGAATGGAGTGGAAAGAAATGGGCTACATTTTCTATTAAGAAAACACGGATAGTAAACTGAAAATCT
ACTTCAAGGTGGATTTAGCAGTAAGGAAAAGTCAGAGTATTTTCCTGAAGCCGGCTCTGAAGCGCGCACA
CACCGCCCGTCACTCTCCTCAACAAAACCTTTATTTTATATAAAAAATTTATTTTACTAAGAGGAGGCAA
GTCGTAACATGGTAAGTGTACTGGAAAGTGTACTTGGAATCAAAATGTAGCTAAATTAGTAAAGCACCTC
CCTTACACCGAGGAAAAACCCGTGCAATTCGGGTCATTTTGAACCTTAAAGCTAGCCTAACCAATCGTAT
AAACACAACCTTATCAATTATACCTACACTACTATTATTAAATTAAAACATTTTATACCTTTTAGTATGG
GTGACAGAACAATAAATATTAGCGCAATAGACTATGTACCGCAAGGGAAAGCTGAAAAAGAAATGAAATA
AATATTAAAGTAACAAAAAGCAGAGACTCAACCTCGTACCTTTTGCATCATGATTTAGCTAGATCAACTA
GGCAAAGAGATCTTAAGTCTATCTTCCCGAAACTAAACGAGCTACTCCGAAGCAGCACATTAGAGCCAAC
CCGTCTCTGTGGCAAAAGAGTGGGAAGACTTCCGAGTAGCGGTGACAGACCTATCGAGTTTAGTGATAGC
TGGTTGCCCAAGAAAAGAACTTAAATTCTGCATTAATTTTTTTACCACCAATTAAGAACATCTTCTTAAG
GTTAAAAATAAGAATTAATAGTTATTTAGAAGAGGTACAGCCCTTCTAAATTAAGATACAACTTTTAAAG
GTGGGTAATGATCACATTTTATTAAAGGTTTTTTCCCCAGTGGGCCTAAGAGCAGCCATCTGTAAAGTAA
GCGTCACAGCTCCAGCTTTATTTAAACCTATAATTTAGATATTATCTCACAACCCCCTTACCTGTATTGG
GTTATTTTATATAATTATAAAAGAACTTATGCTAAAATGAGTAATAAGAGGCCAAACCTCTCCTAACACA
AGTGTACGTCAGAAAGAATTAAATCACTGATAATTAAACGAACCCAGACTGAGGACATAATATTAATTTA
CCATTAACTAGAAAACCTTATTTAACTATTCGTTAACCCTACACAGGAGTGTCTCAAGGAAAGATTAAAA
GAAAATAAAGGAACTCGGCAAACATAAACTCCGCCTGTTTACCAAAAACATCGCCTCTTGCTTAACTACT
ATAAGAGGTCCCGCCTGCCCTGTGACAATGTTTAACGGCCGCGGTATTTTGACCGTGCGAAGGTAGCGTA
ATCACTTGTCTTTTAAATGAAGACCTGTATGAAAGGCATCACGAGAGTTTAACTGTCTCTATTTTCTAAT
CAATGAAATTGATCTTCTCGTGCAGAAGCGAGAATATAACCATTAGACGAGAAGACCCTATGGAGCTTCA
AACACTTAAATTAACTATGTAAAATTATAATCCCACGGGAAAAATCATTTATACAATATTCCTAATTTAA
CTGTTTTTGGTTGGGGTGACCGAGGGGGAAAGAAAATCCCCCTTATCGATTGAGTACTCAGTACTTAAAA
GTTAGAACGACAGTTCTAATCAATAAAACATTTACCGAAAAATGACCCAGAATTTTTTCTGATCAATGAA
CCAAGTTACCCTAGGGATAACAGCGCAATCCTTTCCCAGAGTCCCTATCGCCGAAAGGGTTTACGACCTC
GATGTTGGATCAGGACATCCTAATGGTGCAACCGCTATTAAGGGTTCGTTTGTTCAACGATTAATAGTCC
TACGTGATCTGAGTTCAGACCGGAGAAATCCAGGTCAGTTTCTATCTATGAACTTATTTTTCCTAGTACG
AAAGGACCGGAAAAATGGAGCCAATACCCTACGGCACGCTCCTTTTTCACCTACTGAAATAAACTAAATT
AGGTAAGAAAAAATTACCTAAAACCCGAGATAAGGGTTGTTAAGGTGGCAGAGCTGGTAAATGCGAAAGA
CCTAAGTCCTTTAATCCAGAGGTTCAAATCCTCTCCTTAACTATGCTACAACATATTCTACTCTACCTTA
TTAATCCACTTGCCTACATTGTCCCAATTCTTTTAGCCACAGCTTTTCTAACCTTAGTTGAACGAAAAAT
TCTTGGCTACATACAATTCCGTAAAGGTCCTAACATTGTGGGTCCTTACGGACTCCTGCAACCCATTGCA
GATGGTGTAAAACTCTTTATTAAAGAACCCGTCCGCCCCTCAACATCCTCCCCATTTCTATTTTTAGCCA
CCCCCACCCTCGCATTAACCCTGGCCCTTCTTATATGAATACCCCTCCCTCTCCCCCATGCAATTATTAA
CCTCAATCTAGGACTCCTATTTATCCTGGCAGTCTCAAGCCTAACTGTATATACAATTTTAGGATCAGGA
TGAGCATCCAATTCAAAATATGCCCTTATAGGGGCCCTACGAGCTGTAGCACAAACCATCTCTTACGAAG
TAAGCCTAGGCCTTATTTTACTATCAATAATTATCTTCACAGGGGGATTTACACTTCACACATTTAACTT
AACCCAAGAAACAGTCTGATTATTGGTCCCAGGATGACCATTAGCTATAATATGGTACATCTCAACTTTA
GCAGAAACTAACCGAGCGCCATTTGATTTAACTGAGGGGGAATCAGAATTAGTCTCCGGGTTTAATGTTG
AATATGCAGGTGGCTCATTTGCTTTATTTTTCTTAGCTGAATACACAAACATCTTAATAATGAATACTCT
TTCCGTAATCCTATTTATAGGCTCCTCCTATGACCCTACAATACCACAAATCTCCACATTTTATTTAATG
ATAAAAGCAACACTACTCACCTTAATTTTCCTATGAATCCGAGCATCCTATCCTCGATTTCGTTATGACC
AACTCATGCACTTAGTATGAAAAAATTTTCTACCATTGACCCTAGCCCTTATCTTATGACATGCCGCTCT
CCCAATCGCTACAGCAAGCCTCCCTCCACTAACCTAAACGGAAGTGTGCCTGAACTAAAGGACCACTTTG
ATAGAGTGGATAATGAAAGTTAAAATCTCTCCACTTCCTACTAGAAAAACAGGACTTGAACCTATACTCA
AGAGATCAAAACTCTTGGTGCTTCCGATTATACCATTTCCTAAGTAAAGTCAGCTAATTAAGCTTTTGGG
CCCATACCCCAACCACGTTGGTTAAAATCCTTCCTCTACTAATGAACCCAGTAGTATTAACCATTATTAT
CTCAAGCCTCGGCCTAGGGACCATAATAACATTTATCGGATCCCATTGACTTCTAGTATGAATAGGTCTT
GAAATTAACACCTTAGCCATCATCCCCTTAATAATTCGCCAACACCACCCACGAGCAGTAGAAGCAACCA
CAAAATATTTCCTCACACAAGCAACCGCCTCCGCCCTACTTTTATTTGCTAGCATTACAAATGCCTGAAG
CTTGGGCGAATGAAGTTTACTTGAAATACTTAACCCAACCTCCGCCACACTTGTAACCATTGCATTAGCC
CTAAAAATTGGCCTTGCACCAATACATTTTTGACTACCTGAAGTACTTCAAGGACTAGACCTTATCACAG
GCCTAATCTTAGCCACATGACAAAAACTTGCCCCCTTCGCTATTCTTCTCCAACTTCACCCCATACTCAA
CTCAAATTTACTATTATTTTTAGGCGTCTCCTCAACTGTAATTGGAGGATGAGGCGGACTCAATCAAACC
CAATTACGAAAAATTCTAGCTTATTCATCAATTGCCCATCTCGGATGAATAATCACAATCCTACATTACT
CCCCCAACCTCACCCAACTTAACCTCGCCCTATATATTATTATAACCCTTACAACTTTCCTCCTATTTAA
ATTATTTAACTCCACTAAAATCAATTCCATTGCTATCTCCACAATCAAATCGCCCCTTCTATCTATCATT
GCTCTAATTACCCTACTTTCTCTCGGAGGCTTACCTCCACTTTCCGGGTTTATACCAAAATGATTAATTT
TACAAGAATTAACCAAACAAGACCTGGCCATCCCAGCCACCATCATGGCCCTCGCAGCCCTCCTCAGCTT
ATTCTTTTACCTCCGCTTATGTTACTCCACAACCCTAACCATATCCCCAAACTCCATTTATTTATCATCC
TCTTGACGAACAAAATCTCTCCAACCAAACCTAATCTTAATGATGGCCACCTCCCTCTCCATCCTACTAT
TACCATTAACACCTACTATTTTTATATTAACCCTCTAAGAAATTTAGGCTAAATAGACCAAAAGCCTTCA
AAGCTTTCAGTAGGAGTGAAAATCCCCTAATTTCTGTTAAGATTTGCAAGATTTTATCTCACATCTTCTG
AATGCAACCCAGATACTTTTATTAAGCTAAAATCTTCTAGATAAATAGGCCTTGATCCTACAAAATTCTT
AGTTAACAGCTAAGCGTTCTATCCAGCGAACTTCTATCTACGGCTTCCTCCCGCCGTCAAAACGGTAGGG
CGGGAGGAAAGCCCCGGGAGGAATCAACCTCCGGTTTTGGATTTGCAATCCAACGTATACATCTACTACA
GGACTTTGGTAAGAAGAGGAATTTAACCTCTGTTCACGGGATTACAATCCGCCACTTAGTTCTCAGCCAT
CTTACCTGTGGCAATTAACCGTTGATTCTTTTCTACAAATCACAAAGATATCGGCACCCTTTATTTAATC
TTTGGTGCATGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGTACCGCCCTTAGCTTACTTATTCGCGCAGAATTAAGCCAACCCG
GAACACTTCTGGGAGATGATCAAATCTATAATGTTATCGTGACTGCTCACGCTTTTGTAATAATCTTTTT
TATAGTTATGCCTGTAATAATTGGTGGATTCGGAAACTGATTGGTGCCCTTAATAATCGGCGCACCAGAT
ATGGCTTTTCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGCTTTTGACTATTACCCCCCTCCCTCCTATTACTTTTAGCCT
CAGCTGGTGTTGAGGCAGGAGCCGGAACCGGCTGAACAGTCTACCCCCCTCTCGCAGGTAACATAGCCCA
TGCTGGCGCATCTGTAGATCTAGCCATCTTCTCACTCCATTTAGCTGGTATTTCCTCAATTTTAGCCTCT
ATTAATTTTATCACAACTATTATTAACATAAAACCACCTGCCATTTCTCAGTATCAAACACCACTCTTTG
TTTGATCCATTCTTGTAACCACCATTCTTCTTCTTCTTTCTCTTCCTGTTCTCGCAGCCGCAATTACGAT
ACTATTAACTGACCGTAATTTAAACACAACATTTTTTGACCCTGCCGGAGGGGGAGACCCAATTCTTTAC
CAACATTTATTTTGATTCTTCGGCCACCCAGAAGTTTATATTTTAATTTTACCCGGTTTCGGAATAATTT
CCCATGTAGTAGCCTATTATTCAGGTAAAAAAGAACCTTTTGGTTATATGGGTATAGTTTGAGCAATAAT
AGCAATTGGCCTGCTCGGCTTTATTGTATGGGCTCATCACATATTTACAGTAGGAATAGACGTTGATACC
CGAGCCTATTTCACCTCAGCAACAATAATTATTGCTATCCCAACAGGTGTAAAAGTCTTCAGCTGACTGG
CAACCCTTCACGGGGGCTCCATTAAATGAGAAACACCTCTCCTCTGAGCCCTAGGTTTTATTTTCTTATT
CACGGTGGGGGGCCTAACAGGAATTGTTTTAGCTAACTCTTCTCTAGACATCGTTCTTCACGATACTTAT
TATGTAGTAGCCCACTTCCACTATGTATTATCAATAGGAGCCGTATTTGCAATTATAGCTGGTTTTATTC
ATTGATTCCCACTATTTTCAGGGTACACCCTCCACTCTACTTGAACAAAAACTCAATTCCTAGTAATATT
TATTGGAGTCAACTTAACCTTCTTCCCTCAACATTTTCTGGGCCTAGCTGGCATGCCACGACGATATTCT
GACTACCCAGACGCATACGCCCTTTGAAATACAGTTTCCTCAATCGGCTCACTAATCTCCTTAGTTGCTG
TAATTATGTTTTTATTTATTATTTGAGAAGCATTTGCGCCAAGCGGGAAGGTTCTATCCGTTGAACTACC
CCACACAAATGTAGAATGACTCCATGGTTGCCCTCCACCATATCACACCTATGAAGAACCAGCATTTGTT
CAAGTTCAACGAACTTATTTTTAACAAGAAAGGAAGGAATTGAACCCCCATATGTTGATTTCAAGTCAAC
CACATCACCACTCTGTCACTTTCTTATAAGATTCTAGTAAAATATATTACATTGCCTTGTCAGGGCAAAA
TCGTGAGTTTAAACCTTGCGTATCTTAACTTTATAATGGCACACCCCTCACAATTAGGATTCCAAGATGC
AGCCTCCCCAGTTATGGAAGAACTTCTCCATTTTCACGACCACACATTAATAATCGTATTTTTAATTAGC
ACTTTAGTTCTTTATATCATTATAGCGATAGTATCTACTAAGCTTACAAACAAATATATTTTAGATTCCC
AAGAAATTGAAATTGTATGGACTATCCTCCCTGCTGTAATTCTTATCATAATTGCCCTGCCATCCTTACG
AATTTTATACCTTATAGACGAAATCAACGACCCCCATCTTACTATTAAAGCTATAGGACATCAATGATAC
TGAAGTTATGAATATACAGACTATGAAGACCTGGGCTTTGACTCTTATATAATTCAAACACAAGATTTAA
CACCAGGACAATTCCGTTTATTAGAAACTGATCACCGAATAGTTGTACCCATAGAATCCCCCATTCGTGT
TTTAGTGTCCGCAGAAGACGTCTTACATTCATGAACAGTCCCGGCCTTAGGGGTAAAAATAGACGCAGTC
CCAGGACGACTAAATCAAACCGCCTTTATCATCTCCCGCCCAGGTGTTTACTATGGTCAATGTTCGGAAA
TTTGTGGTGCTAATCACAGCTTCATGCCTATCGTAGTAGAAGCAGTTCCACTAGAACACTTTGAATCCTG
ATCTTCATTAATATTAGAAGAAGCCTCACTAAGAAGCTATATTGGGTCTAGCATTAGCCTTTTAAGCTAA
AAACTGGTGACTCCCTACCACCCTTAGTGATATGCCTCAATTAAATCCGCATCCTTGATTTGCTATTCTT
GTATTCTCATGAATTTTTTTCCTAGTAATTTTACCAAAAAAAGTAATAACACATCTATTTAATAATAACC
CCACAGCAAAAAGTGCTGAAAAACCTAAACCTGAACCCTGAAATTGACCATGAACCTAAGTTTTTTTGAC
CAATTCCTAAGCCCATCACTCCTTGGAATTCCACTAATTGCCATAGCAATTATAATTCCATGATTAATTT
TCCCAACCCCGACAAACCGCTGATTAAACAATCGACTTATGACTGTCCAATCTTGATTTATTAACCGATT
TACATACCAACTAATACAACCTATAAACTTTGGAGGACATAAATGAGCCACCATTTTAACAGCCTTAATA
TTATTTTTAATCACTATTAATCTTCTTGGTCTACTTCCATACACTTTTACACCTACAACCCAACTATCCC
TTAATATAGCATTTGCTATTCCCCTTTGATTAACAACTGTTTTAATTGGAATACTTAACCAACCTACTGT
TGCCCTCGGACACCTTCTACCAGAAGGTACTCCAACATTACTAATTCCGATTTTAATTATCATCGAAACT
ATTAGTCTATTCATCCGACCTCTAGCATTGGGTGTCCGATTAACTGCTAATTTAACAGCCGGTCATCTCC
TTATACAACTAATTGCCACCGCAGCTTTTGTCTTAATTACTATTATACCTACCGTAGCTTTATTAACATC
CCTAATTTTATTCTTACTAACAATTTTAGAAGTTGCCGTAGCAATAATCCAAGCATACGTATTTGTTCTT
TTACTAAGTCTCTACCTACAAGAAAACGTCTAATGGCTCACCAAGCACATGCATATCATATAGTTGACCC
CAGCCCGTGACCATTAACAGGAGCTGTTGCTGCTTTACTAATAACATCAGGCCTAGCCGTCTGATTCCAT
TTCCACTCCATATACCTTCTTTACTTAGGATTGACTCTACTATTACTAACTATAGTTCAATGATGACGAG
ATATTATTCGAGAAGGGACATTTCAAGGACACCACACCCCACCTGTACAAAAAGGACTCCGCTACGGAAT
AATTTTATTTATCACATCAGAAGTTTTCTTCTTCCTTGGCTTTTTCTGAGCCTTCTACCATTCAAGCCTT
GCCCCTACACCGGAGTTAGGCGGGTGTTGACCACCAACAGGAATTTACCCTTTAGACCCATTCGAAGTCC
CACTTTTAAATACCGCAGTCCTACTAGCATCCGGAGTTACAGTAACTTGAGCTCATCATAGTTTAATAGA
AGGTAACCGAAAAGAAGCAATTCAAGCCCTAACTTTAACTGTCCTACTAGGATTTTATTTTACAGCTCTT
CAAGCCATAGAATATTACGAAGCTCCATTTACTATTGCCGACGGAGTTTATGGATCGACATTTTTTGTTG
CCACAGGTTTCCATGGTCTCCATGTTATTATTGGTTCAACATTTTTAATAGTTTGTTTACTACGACAGAT
CCAATATCATTTTACATCTGAACATCATTTTGGCTTTGAACGTGCCGCATGATACTGACATTTTGTAGAT
GTAGTATGACTATTCCTTTATGTTTCCATCTATTGATGAGGCTCATAATTACTTTTCTAGTATAAATTAG
TACAAGTGATTTCCAATTATTTAATCTTGGTTAAAATCCAAGGGAAAGTAATGAACCTCATCATGTCATC
TGTCGCAGCTACAGCCCTCATTTCCCTAATCCTTGCTTTTGTAGCATTTTGGCTCCCCTCATTAAACCCA
GATAACGAAAAACTATCCCCATATGAGTGTGGATTTGACCCACTAGGAAGCGCACGCCTTCCATTCTCGT
TACGCTTCTTCCTTGTAGCAATTTTATTCCTTTTATTTGACTTAGAAATTGCCCTCCTCCTCCCTCTTCC
TTGAGGAAACCAGCTACTAACACCCTCCATCTCATTATTATGGGCAACAAGTATTATTATCTTATTAACC
TTAGGCCTTATTTATGAATGACTTCAAGGAGGCCTTGAATGAGCAGAGTAATTAGGTGTTTAGTCCAAAA
CAAGACCACTAATTTCGGCTTAGTAAATTATGGTGAAAGTCCATAAACACCTTATGTCCCCCGTCTACTT
TAGTTTTAGTTCAGCATTTATTCTAGGTTTAATAGGCCTCGCATTCAACCGATCACACCTTTTATCCGCC
CTCCTATGCTTAGAGGGAATAATATTATCTCTATTTATTGCCATTGCCCTCTGATCAATAACACTAAATT
CTACCTCATGCTCAATCACTCCAATGATTCTTTTAACTTTTTCTGCCTGTGAAGCAAGTGCAGGCCTGGC
CCTTTTAGTAGCAGCTACACGAACCCATGGCTCCGACCATCTCCAAAACTTAAATTTATTACAATGTTAA
AAATCCTAGTCCCAACAATCATGCTGTTTCTCGTTACATGATCCTCACCAAAAAAATGATTGTGGCCTAT
CACAACCACCCACAGTCTTTTAATTGCATTACTTAGTTTACTCTGATTTAAATGAAATATAGACATAGGA
TGAGATTTTTCCAACCACTACCTGGCTATTGATCCTCTCTCTGCCCCCTTACTCATTCTTACCTGTTGAC
TCCTCCCACTAATAATTCTAGCCAGTCAAAATCACATTTCTACAGAACCTATCATTCGCCAACGAATCTA
TATTACACTCCTAATTTCCCTTCAAACCTTCCTTATTATAGCATTTAGTGCAACAGAATTAATTATATTT
TACATTATATTTGAAGCTACACTAATCCCGACTCTTATCATTATTACCCGGTGAGGAAATCAGACGGAAC
GCTTAAACGCAGGGACCTACTTTTTATTCTACACCCTAATTGGCTCCCTCCCCTTACTTGTTGCCCTCTT
ACTCATACAAAATGACTTAGGCTCTTTATCTATAATTATTATTCAATACCCCCAACCACTTAGCCTATCC
ACATGGGCCGATAAATTTTGATGAACAGCCTGCCTTATCGCTTTCCTAGTAAAAATACCCCTCTACGGAG
TCCACCTTTGACTTCCAAAAGCCCACGTTGAAGCCCCTATTGCAGGCTCAATAATTCTAGCAGCAGTCCT
ACTTAAATTAGGCGGTTACGGAATAATACGAATTATCGTTATACTTAATCCTTTGACTAAGGAAATAGCA
TATCCATTCCTAATTTTAGCCATTTGAGGCGTAATTATAACCAGCTCAATTTGCCTTCGACAAACCGATT
TAAAATCCCTAATTGCTTATTCATCAGTAAGCCACATAGGCCTGGTTGCCGGAGCAATTATAATCCAAAC
ACCATGAAGCTTTGCAGGAGCAATCACATTAATAATTGCACATGGTTTAGTCTCATCAGCCCTATTTTGT
CTAGCAAACACTAACTATGAGCGCACCCATAGTCGAACCCTTCTCCTGGCCCGAGGTATTCAAGTTATAC
TCCCACTAATAGCAACCTGATGGTTTATTGCTAATTTAGCCAATCTTGCTCTTCCACCTACCCCCAATCT
AATAGGAGAACTTCTCATCATCTCCTCATTATTCAACTGATCCAGCTGAACTATTTTATTAACGGGATTA
GGAGTATTAATTACAGCTTCATATTCCCTGTACATATTTTTAATAACCCAACGAGGCCCTGCCTCACAAC
ATTTATTATCCTTAAACCCATCATACACACGAGAACATCTCCTCCTCAACCTCCATCTTATTCCTATATT
ATTATTAATCCTTAAGCCAGAACTTATCTGAGGTTGAACCTTTTGTCATTATAGTTTAACAAAAACATTA
GATTGTGGTTCTAAAAACAAAAGTTAAAATCTTTTTAATAACCAAGAGAGGTCTGGGACACAAAGAACTG
CTAATTCTTTTAATCATGGTTCAAATCCATGGCTCACTTAGCCCTTGAAAGATAATAGCCATCTATTGGT
CTTAGGAACCAAAAACTCTTGGTGCAACTCCAAGCAAGAGCTATGAACATAATCATTTTTAATTCAGCCT
TCCTTCTTATCTTCATTATCCTTTTATACCCCCTTATTTCGTCACTATCCCCTAAAGAACTATACCCAAA
CTGATCATCTTCACATGTTAAAACTGCTGTAAAAACTTCCTTTTTTATTAGTCTTATTCCCTTGTTCATT
TACCTTGACCAGGGTTTAGAATCAATCACAACCAACTGAAACTGAATTAATATTGGACCCTTTGACATTA
ACATGAGTTTTAAATTTGACATATACTCAATTATCTTTACCCCCGTCGCCCTATACGTAACCTGATCTAT
CCTTGAATTTGCCCTTTGATATATACACTCAGACCCAAACATGAACCGCTTCTTTAAATACCTTCTCCTC
TTTTTAATCTCTATAATTATCTTAGTAACAGCCAACAACATATTTCAACTATTTATCGGATGGGAGGGAG
TTGGAATTATGTCCTTCCTCCTAATTGGTTGATGATACAGCCGAGCAGACGCAAACACTGCTGCTCTACA
GGCCGTGATTTATAATCGTGTAGGGGATATTGGACTCATTTTAAGCATAGCCTGATTAGCCATAAACCTA
AATTCATGAGAAATTCAACAACTCTTTATTTTATCCAAAGACAAAGACTTAACTTTACCTCTTCTTGGCT
TAGTCCTAGCTGCAGCAGGAAAATCTGCACAGTTTGGACTCCACCCATGGCTGCCCTCAGCTATGGAAGG
ACCCACGCCAGTCTCTGCCCTACTCCACTCTAGTACCATGGTTGTTGCTGGCATCTTCCTTTTAATTCGC
CTCCACCCACTAATACAAGATAATCAACTAATTTTAACAACGTGCCTGTGCCTAGGGGCCCTAACTACAC
TATTCACCGCCGCATGTGCCCTAACCCAAAATGATATCAAAAAAATTGTTGCCTTTTCAACATCAAGCCA
ACTTGGCCTAATAATAGTTACAATTGGGTTAAATCAACCCCAATTAGCATTTCTTCATATTTGCACACAC
GCCTTCTTCAAAGCTATACTTTTCCTCTGTTCCGGCTCAATTATCCACAGTCTAAACGATGAACAAGATA
TTCGAAAAATAGGAGGACTACATAAACTTTTACCATTTACCTCATCATCATTAACCGTGGGCAGCCTCGC
CCTTACAGGAATACCCTTTTTATCGGGTTTCTTCTCAAAAGATGCCATCATTGAATCTATAAACACTTCC
CATTTAAACGCCTGAGCCCTAATTTTGACCCTCATCGCAACCTCATTTACTGCTATCTACAGCCTGCGCC
TTATCTTCTTTGCTCTAATAGAGTACCCGCGATTTCCCCCTCTTTCCCCCGTTAATGAAAATAACATCCT
AGTTATTAATCCAATCAAACGCCTCGCATATGGAAGTATTTTAGCTGGTTTAATTATCACCTCTAATCTT
CCACCAATGAAAACTCAAATTATAACTATAACCCCCCTACTAAAATTATCTGCCCTCCTAGTAACAATTA
TCGGCCTACTTCTAGCATTAGAACTAGCCAGCCTAACTAACACCCAACTCAAAACCACTCCTACTTTATC
AACACATCATTTTTCCAACATACTGGGATATTTCCCAATAGTCATTCACCGATTAGTACCAAAAACCAAC
TTAAAATGGGCTCAACATATCTCAACACATCTTATTGACCTAACCTGAAGCGAAAAAATTGGACCAAAAA
GCACTCTTATTCAACAAACACCACTAATTAAATTATCCACCCAGCCCCAACAAGGAATAATCAAAACCTA
CCTAACACTACTTTTCCTAACACTGACCCTGGCCGTCTTAATTATTGCAATCTAGACCACACGTAAAGTG
CCGTATGATAAACCCCGAGTTAATTCTAAAATAACAAATAATGTTAAAAGTAATACTCATCCCCCTAACA
CCAACATAATCCCCCCATTAGCGTATAACAAAGCTACACCACCAAAATCCCCACGAATTATCTCTAAATT
ACTTATTTCCTCAACCCCAACCCAACCTAATCCTCCCCACTCCTTAAAAAAGTACTTACCCACAAAAAAG
ATACCTAATAAATAAACACTAACATATAATAATACAGACCAATCACCCCATGTTTCTGGATACGGCTCAG
CAGCAAGCGCTGCTGTATAAGCAAACACAACCAGTATCCCGCCTAAGTAAATCAAAAATAATACTAAAGA
TAAAAAAGACCCACCATGTCCAACTAATAAACCACACCCAACCCCGGCAGCTACTACTAAACCTAATGCT
GCAAAATAGGGGGAGGGATTTGATGCCACTGCTATTAATCCTAAAATAAGCCCTACTAATATAATAAACA
TAAAATAAACCATTATTCTCACCTGGATTTTAACCAAGACCAATAACTTGAAAAACTATCGTTGTTTATT
CAACTACAAGAATAATAATGACCACTAACATCCGAAAAACTCACCCACTTATCAAAATCGTTAACCACGC
TTTAGTTGACCTCCCTTCACCATCTAATATCTCAATCTGATGAAATTTTGGATCTTTATTAGGACTCTGC
CTGATCATCCAAATTCTTACAGGATTATTCCTAGCCATGCATTATACTGCAGACATCTCCACGGCCTTCT
CCTCAGTAGTTCATATTTGTCGTGACGTCAATTATGGTTGACTAATTCGTAATATCCACGCTAACGGAGC
CTCATTATTTTTCATTTGTGTCTACTTACATATTGCCCGAGGACTATACTATGGCTCTTACCTTTTTAAA
GAAGCATGAAACATCGGAGTCATCTTATTATTCTTGCTAATAGCAACAGCTTTTGTAGGATATGTCCTAC
CATGAGGACAGATATCTTTTTGAGGCGCTACAGTTATCACTAATCTCCTCTCCGCTTTCCCATACATTGG
AGATATATTAGTTCAATGAATCTGAGGGGGGTTCTCAATTGATAACGCCACCCTAACACGTTTCTTTGCA
TTCCACTTCCTCCTCCCATTCCTAATCGTGGGCCTAACCTTAATTCACCTTCTATTTCTCCATGAAACTG
GCTCTAACAACCCAATAGGCCTTAATTCCGACATAGACAAAATCTCATTTCATCCCTACTTCTCATACAA
AGATCTTCTTGGGTTCTTTCTCATAATTATTCTACTAGCCTTATTAGCCCTATTTTTACCTAACCTCCTG
GGCGATGCCGAAAACTTCATCCCCGCAAACCCTCTTGTAACCCCGCCCCACATTAAGCCTGAATGATACT
TCCTATTTGCCTATGCCATCCTACGCTCTATTCCTAATAAATTAGGAGGGGTCCTAGCCCTCCTATTCTC
AATCTTTATCCTCATGTTAATCCCGATACTACACACCTCAAAACAACGAAGTAACATCTTCCGACCCATA
ACCCAATTTCTTTTTTGAACACTTGTAGCTAATGCAATTATTCTGACATGAATCGGAGGACAACCAGTTG
AACAACCATTCATTCTCGTTGGCCAAATTGCCTCCGTCACCTATTTCTCACTGTTTCTTATTATTATCCC
CCTGACCGGTTGGTGGGAAAATAAAATGCTCAACCTAAATTAATGTTTTGGTAGCTTAAATATAAAAGCG
TCGGCCTTGTAAGTCGAAGACCGGAGATGAAAACTCTCCCCAAAACATATCAGGGGAAGGAGGGTTAAAC
TCCTGCCCTTGGCTCCCAAAGCCAAGATTCTGCCTAAACTGCCCCCTGAATGTTAAAATCACGCTAAAAT
GTGATTTTTTAAAAGTAAGTCAGTTGTACATATATATGATATAGCCCACATACCCTAATATACCACATAC
TACATATATGTATAATCACCATATATAGACTATCCCCATCTATATTACATATACTATGTATAATACTCAT
TAATCTATAATCCTCACCCTCATTACATATATATGATTAACCCCCATTTTTCTAATAATCAATAAATCCT
ATCACACAAAATATTTTTACCCACATTAATCTATAATCAATGGATCATATCTCATAATATCTTTAACCCC
CATTTTTATGAAAATCAAATATTTATCTAGGGTCAGGAAGAAACCCGCAATAATCCCTTATAAGGCATAT
AGTGTACGGTTTGTGGAACGGTAATTGATTAATCCCTAATATTTGATCAAATCTGGTTATTGGCTACCTT
AAAAGACATACAGTTCTGTACGTATCAGCCAGATATACCGCTAGTTCCCTCAAATTCCATTCAACTCTTA
ATCGCATCAAGATTTCTTGTCCTCCCTACTTTTTTTTTTCGGAATGAAGCAATAACTATGCCCAGAGGGC
TGATATAGGACACTAAAATAAATCAGTACCCATCGAGACATTAAATCATATACGTGCAAAGAATGAACTC
TTGAATTCAAATTACCAAGTTGACCTTATCGTCATAATGGATGAAGAATATGAATTATGAGTGACACTAT
TTTATTTCGTGATTAATGAAACACCAGCTTAGGAAATACATATCATTAACCCTCATTAATTTAAGATATC
GATAATTATTAATGAGAGTTTACATTGGATTATTTAACACATACTTCACTATTCGAGCATAGATATTAGA
TTTTACACGAGGTTCTATAAAGTGCCCCTGGTGGATCTCGAAAGGAAAGACGACTGAATGCTAATTTCGT
TTTTTGGGAAAAACCCCCCCTCCCCCCTAATATACATAATGACTTTGCTCGAAAAACCCCAAAAACGAGG
GCCGAATGTATACTTTTTTTTTTTTGCGTGTGGAAAATATTCGCTATACATTGTTGCACATGTGTTGCAC
AATGTGAC


Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.