Viewing data for Helarctos malayanus


Scientific name Helarctos malayanus
Common name Sun bear
Maximum lifespan 35.90 years (Helarctos malayanus@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16783 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 6873 9910 4295 2578 4678 5232
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 410 590 256 154 279 312
Base content (%) 41.0% 59.0%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11338 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 4694 6644 3100 1594 3219 3425
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 414 586 273 141 284 302
Base content (%) 41.4% 58.6%
D-loop: No data available for this section.
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1488 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 533 955 303 230 425 530
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 358 642 204 155 286 356
Base content (%) 35.8% 64.2%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2546 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1024 1522 551 473 617 905
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 402 598 216 186 242 355
Base content (%) 40.2% 59.8%
12S rRNA gene (size: 965 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 407 558 219 188 225 333
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 422 578 227 195 233 345
Base content (%) 42.2% 57.8%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1581 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 617 964 332 285 392 572
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 390 610 210 180 248 362
Base content (%) 39.0% 61.0%

ATP6 (size: 681 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 288 393 189 99 207 186
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 423 577 278 145 304 273
Base content (%) 42.3% 57.7%
ATP8 (size: 204 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 74 130 52 22 56 74
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 363 637 255 108 275 363
Base content (%) 36.3% 63.7%
COX1 (size: 1545 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 653 892 367 286 479 413
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 423 577 238 185 310 267
Base content (%) 42.3% 57.7%
COX2 (size: 684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 279 405 164 115 190 215
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 408 592 240 168 278 314
Base content (%) 40.8% 59.2%
COX3 (size: 784 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 343 441 211 132 234 207
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 438 563 269 168 298 264
Base content (%) 43.8% 56.3%
CYTB (size: 1140 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 505 635 342 163 305 330
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 443 557 300 143 268 289
Base content (%) 44.3% 55.7%
ND1 (size: 955 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 416 539 283 133 265 274
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 436 564 296 139 277 287
Base content (%) 43.6% 56.4%
ND2 (size: 1042 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 406 636 295 111 286 350
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 390 610 283 107 274 336
Base content (%) 39.0% 61.0%
ND3 (size: 347 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 144 203 94 50 105 98
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 415 585 271 144 303 282
Base content (%) 41.5% 58.5%
ND4 (size: 1378 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 569 809 389 180 392 417
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 413 587 282 131 284 303
Base content (%) 41.3% 58.7%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 117 180 78 39 97 83
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 394 606 263 131 327 279
Base content (%) 39.4% 60.6%
ND5 (size: 1821 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 715 1106 498 217 518 588
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 393 607 273 119 284 323
Base content (%) 39.3% 60.7%
ND6 (size: 528 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 207 321 153 54 106 215
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 392 608 290 102 201 407
Base content (%) 39.2% 60.8%

ATP6 (size: 681 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 11 (4.87%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (7.08%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 16 (7.08%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 24 (10.62%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (5.75%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 41 (18.14%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 25 (11.06%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (4.87%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.75%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 12 (5.31%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 3 (1.33%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 3 (1.33%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (1.33%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.54%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (3.1%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (2.21%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 7 5 2 5 15 8 8 4 4 3 4 5 1 6 6
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 0 7 5 4 0 1 3 4 3 6 4 2 1 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
9 7 1 4 2 5 0 1 4 1 2 0 3 4 5 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 2 1 1 1 3 1 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 0 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
45 63 78 41
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
24 64 37 102
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
30 62 71 64
ATP8 (size: 204 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLDTSTWSVTILSMVLALFIVFQLKVSKYKYPETPTPKSFSLSKKLMPWEEKWTKICSPLLLPQR*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 0 (0%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 1 (1.49%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 8 (11.94%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 6 (8.96%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (1.49%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 4 (5.97%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 10 (14.93%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 7 (10.45%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 2 (2.99%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.49%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 8 (11.94%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (1.49%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
1 2 2 2 0 5 1 2 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 1 0
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
1 4 1 3 0 5 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 3 0 0 1 6 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
9 19 20 20
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
5 22 18 23
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
8 11 36 13
COX1 (size: 1545 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 47 (9.14%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 40 (7.78%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 31 (6.03%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 38 (7.39%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 36 (7.0%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 58 (11.28%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 39 (7.59%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 35 (6.81%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (5.45%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 42 (8.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 19 (3.7%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.31%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.72%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (1.95%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 18 (3.5%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.17%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 18 (3.5%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.56%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
28 11 26 11 4 18 11 10 2 4 5 11 13 7 20 22
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
9 1 0 8 14 14 4 5 9 19 14 9 9 8 2 13
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 17 1 11 5 11 1 0 3 10 9 1 4 12 6 7
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 6 4 6 8 9 0 1 0 6 1 0 0 1 0 16
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
147 104 142 122
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
76 134 95 210
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
63 129 176 147
COX2 (size: 684 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 19 (8.37%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 19 (8.37%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 34 (14.98%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 18 (7.93%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (6.61%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (4.85%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 10 (4.41%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 15 (6.61%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.64%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
11 7 9 2 6 10 7 9 7 0 1 3 5 4 4 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 1 1 2 2 4 1 2 3 3 1 4 2 7 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
3 7 2 5 2 7 1 1 3 5 6 1 0 4 1 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 10 5 5 5 4 1 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 1 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
56 58 66 48
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
26 56 61 85
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
33 50 88 57
COX3 (size: 784 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 19 (7.31%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (6.15%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (9.23%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 22 (8.46%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 16 (6.15%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 32 (12.31%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (4.23%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 11 (4.23%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 25 (9.62%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (4.23%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.62%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (1.15%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (2.69%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
8 5 9 9 2 17 2 1 7 0 2 5 5 4 10 15
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 0 2 1 5 9 1 1 6 8 4 1 4 5 1 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
3 8 0 3 4 11 0 3 3 5 6 3 1 2 3 7
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
10 4 4 3 0 1 1 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
62 70 59 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
44 67 53 97
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
26 74 95 66
CYTB (size: 1140 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 26 (6.86%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 25 (6.6%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 25 (6.6%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 27 (7.12%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (1.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 16 (4.22%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 56 (14.78%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 41 (10.82%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.07%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 28 (7.39%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (3.69%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.58%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (3.96%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.58%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.37%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
15 26 7 4 9 33 2 6 5 1 3 5 8 0 13 15
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 4 4 11 8 2 2 5 17 2 2 11 8 2 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
9 14 1 3 8 9 3 0 2 6 8 1 2 4 11 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
10 6 0 0 12 7 2 0 0 7 1 1 0 0 0 11
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
85 98 108 89
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
53 98 75 154
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
25 146 147 62
ND1 (size: 955 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 12 (3.79%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 31 (9.78%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 19 (5.99%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 24 (7.57%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.32%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 21 (6.62%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 54 (17.03%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 21 (6.62%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 19 (5.99%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 22 (6.94%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 21 (6.62%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (3.79%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 9 (2.84%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (0.95%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (3.47%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (4.1%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.89%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 4 (1.26%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.21%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.52%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
11 10 13 5 10 28 7 4 4 2 3 7 10 1 7 14
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 1 8 12 11 0 1 4 6 1 5 12 5 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 11 2 2 3 11 1 0 2 7 5 0 0 4 9 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 9 2 1 2 6 1 2 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
78 90 86 64
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
32 94 56 136
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
23 99 132 64
ND2 (size: 1042 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 16 (4.62%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 25 (7.23%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 29 (8.38%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 29 (8.38%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.76%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 55 (15.9%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 40 (11.56%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 32 (9.25%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.65%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (3.76%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (2.6%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.89%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.45%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (4.34%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (1.73%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 14 (4.05%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
20 20 24 4 10 34 2 5 7 1 3 3 6 1 9 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 0 0 5 10 10 0 1 8 7 0 5 9 8 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 19 1 3 11 10 3 0 2 4 5 0 0 9 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 3 2 1 1 14 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
61 90 132 64
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
31 104 59 153
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
19 101 159 68
ND3 (size: 1042 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 16 (4.62%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 25 (7.23%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 29 (8.38%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 29 (8.38%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.76%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 55 (15.9%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 40 (11.56%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 32 (9.25%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.65%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (3.76%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (2.6%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.89%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.45%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (4.34%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (2.31%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (1.73%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 14 (4.05%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
20 20 24 4 10 34 2 5 7 1 3 3 6 1 9 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 0 0 5 10 10 0 1 8 7 0 5 9 8 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 19 1 3 11 10 3 0 2 4 5 0 0 9 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 3 2 1 1 14 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
61 90 132 64
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
31 104 59 153
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
19 101 159 68
ND4 (size: 1378 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 17 (3.71%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 34 (7.42%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 38 (8.3%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 39 (8.52%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.66%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 17 (3.71%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 96 (20.96%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 33 (7.21%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 35 (7.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 22 (4.8%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 20 (4.37%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 17 (3.71%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (2.84%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (1.75%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 19 (4.15%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 13 (2.84%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
14 19 27 12 16 42 10 11 10 1 3 3 8 3 9 11
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 1 2 6 12 15 1 2 6 7 2 6 10 6 0 12
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
8 16 3 6 11 6 1 6 8 8 9 3 5 8 11 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
8 5 3 2 2 10 3 0 1 9 0 0 0 0 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
80 133 153 93
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
57 119 82 201
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
43 137 182 97
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 11 (11.22%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 22 (22.45%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 0 (0%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 2 4 4 2 9 2 5 2 0 1 4 6 0 2 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 1 2 2 3 2 0 1 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
1 4 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 6 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
25 24 25 25
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
8 22 19 50
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
6 32 39 22
ND5 (size: 1821 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 29 (4.79%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 45 (7.43%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 45 (7.43%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 56 (9.24%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (0.66%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 23 (3.8%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 85 (14.03%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 57 (9.41%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 37 (6.11%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 25 (4.13%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 46 (7.59%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 18 (2.97%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (1.98%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 11 (1.82%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (1.98%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 32 (5.28%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 22 (3.63%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 16 (2.64%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 23 (3.8%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.32%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
25 32 32 15 14 37 6 11 18 4 4 5 13 1 20 26
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 1 3 8 18 18 1 0 7 19 3 4 9 12 0 18
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
15 22 1 9 12 12 1 3 8 11 7 0 2 16 16 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 8 4 3 8 18 5 0 4 4 0 0 0 1 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
120 143 216 128
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
64 160 135 248
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
33 195 237 142
ND6 (size: 528 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 25 (14.29%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 9 (5.14%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 12 (6.86%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 7 (4.0%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (1.14%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 25 (14.29%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 20 (11.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 14 (8.0%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (5.14%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 3 (1.71%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (7.43%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (5.14%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (2.29%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 5 (2.86%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (4.57%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 4 (2.29%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 1 (0.57%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (2.29%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (0.57%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
12 2 1 2 1 1 2 11 0 1 9 4 4 8 12 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 1 1 5 2 1 1 8 1 4 12 3 0 0 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
1 0 2 7 0 1 0 4 0 8 1 1 3 4 0 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
72 11 42 51
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
36 27 32 81
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
45 16 32 83
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11406 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 218 (5.74%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 271 (7.13%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 281 (7.4%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 302 (7.95%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 24 (0.63%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 211 (5.55%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 590 (15.53%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 316 (8.32%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 234 (6.16%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 198 (5.21%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 241 (6.34%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 132 (3.47%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 104 (2.74%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 71 (1.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 98 (2.58%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 146 (3.84%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 89 (2.34%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 100 (2.63%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 101 (2.66%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 65 (1.71%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
170 146 166 75 84 260 64 87 69 20 39 56 85 31 117 124
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
68 7 17 57 101 102 11 25 52 99 42 51 75 64 8 88
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
68 131 15 58 66 90 12 20 35 69 63 11 20 69 77 33
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
67 64 34 28 43 83 18 5 10 41 9 1 0 6 1 93
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
869 935 1155 841
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
467 997 744 1592
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
364 1084 1441 911 

Error: F​a​i​l​e​d​ t​o​ u​n​d​e​r​s​t​a​n​d​ i​d​:​ ?​t​e​r​m​=​(​"​H​e​l​a​r​c​t​o​s​
F​a​i​l​e​d​ t​o​ u​n​d​e​r​s​t​a​n​d​ i​d​:​ m​a​l​a​y​a​n​u​s​"​[​O​r​g​a​n​i​s​m​]​)​
F​a​i​l​e​d​ t​o​ u​n​d​e​r​s​t​a​n​d​ i​d​:​ A​N​D​
F​a​i​l​e​d​ t​o​ u​n​d​e​r​s​t​a​n​d​ i​d​:​ (​r​e​f​s​e​q​[​f​i​l​t​e​r​]​
F​a​i​l​e​d​ t​o​ u​n​d​e​r​s​t​a​n​d​ i​d​:​ A​N​D​
F​a​i​l​e​d​ t​o​ u​n​d​e​r​s​t​a​n​d​ i​d​:​ m​i​t​o​c​h​o​n​d​r​i​o​n​[​f​i​l​t​e​r​]​)​
Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.