Viewing data for Chamaeleo chamaeleon


Scientific name Chamaeleo chamaeleon
Common name Common chameleon
Maximum lifespan 3.60 years (Chamaeleo chamaeleon@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 17470 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 6707 10763 4570 2137 4483 6280
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 384 616 262 122 257 359
Base content (%) 38.4% 61.6%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11281 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 4258 7023 3048 1210 2925 4098
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 377 623 270 107 259 363
Base content (%) 37.7% 62.3%
D-loop: No data available for this section.
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1488 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 603 885 348 255 377 508
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 405 595 234 171 253 341
Base content (%) 40.5% 59.5%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2447 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1035 1412 623 412 499 913
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 423 577 255 168 204 373
Base content (%) 42.3% 57.7%
12S rRNA gene (size: 923 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 396 527 234 162 193 334
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 429 571 254 176 209 362
Base content (%) 42.9% 57.1%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1524 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 639 885 389 250 306 579
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 419 581 255 164 201 380
Base content (%) 41.9% 58.1%

ATP6 (size: 670 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 254 416 192 62 173 243
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 379 621 287 93 258 363
Base content (%) 37.9% 62.1%
ATP8 (size: 165 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 49 116 41 8 38 78
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 297 703 248 48 230 473
Base content (%) 29.7% 70.3%
COX1 (size: 1548 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 624 924 387 237 435 489
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 403 597 250 153 281 316
Base content (%) 40.3% 59.7%
COX2 (size: 686 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 257 429 172 85 178 251
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 375 625 251 124 259 366
Base content (%) 37.5% 62.5%
COX3 (size: 784 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 293 491 185 108 229 262
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 374 626 236 138 292 334
Base content (%) 37.4% 62.6%
CYTB (size: 1134 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 453 681 329 124 301 380
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 399 601 290 109 265 335
Base content (%) 39.9% 60.1%
ND1 (size: 963 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 363 600 253 110 261 339
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 377 623 263 114 271 352
Base content (%) 37.7% 62.3%
ND2 (size: 1039 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 382 657 287 95 267 390
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 368 632 276 91 257 375
Base content (%) 36.8% 63.2%
ND3 (size: 349 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 131 218 96 35 99 119
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 375 625 275 100 284 341
Base content (%) 37.5% 62.5%
ND4 (size: 1353 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 508 845 381 127 344 501
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 375 625 282 94 254 370
Base content (%) 37.5% 62.5%
ND4L (size: 288 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 101 187 72 29 72 115
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 351 649 250 101 250 399
Base content (%) 35.1% 64.9%
ND5 (size: 1821 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 656 1165 496 160 463 702
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 360 640 272 88 254 386
Base content (%) 36.0% 64.0%
ND6 (size: 510 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 194 316 162 32 72 244
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 380 620 318 63 141 478
Base content (%) 38.0% 62.0%

ATP6 (size: 670 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 7 (3.15%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 17 (7.66%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 11 (4.95%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 31 (13.96%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.45%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 4 (1.8%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 46 (20.72%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 21 (9.46%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 18 (8.11%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 15 (6.76%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (4.05%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 5 (2.25%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 2 (0.9%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.45%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (2.7%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 7 (3.15%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (3.15%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 4 (1.8%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 6 (2.7%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (2.25%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 12 16 5 5 22 3 9 7 0 0 0 4 0 6 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 1 0 2 10 5 0 0 2 5 0 0 5 9 1 6
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
5 20 0 2 1 4 0 1 3 2 3 0 2 2 5 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
2 6 0 1 0 6 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 2
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
35 66 87 35
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
19 70 36 98
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
8 56 119 40
ATP8 (size: 165 bases)
Amino acid sequence: LPQLNPTPWLPMMLMTWLIINTMMAFIKNMNLTKIPLTTKMNNIKMKTPWTWPW*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 0 (0%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 1 (1.85%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 0 (0%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 8 (14.81%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 0 (0%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 7 (12.96%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 5 (9.26%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 8 (14.81%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 7 (12.96%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 1 (1.85%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 0 (0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (9.26%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 0 (0%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 6 (11.11%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 1 (1.85%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 5 (9.26%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 2 7 0 1 4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 5 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
1 13 32 9
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
5 16 13 21
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
2 12 33 8
COX1 (size: 1548 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 44 (8.54%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 40 (7.77%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 33 (6.41%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 39 (7.57%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.39%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 26 (5.05%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 68 (13.2%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 41 (7.96%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 37 (7.18%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 29 (5.63%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 36 (6.99%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 17 (3.3%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 16 (3.11%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.72%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.17%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 19 (3.69%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.17%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 18 (3.5%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 14 (2.72%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 10 (1.94%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
22 19 30 16 3 30 2 13 5 1 3 7 14 2 16 20
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
7 1 1 4 13 21 2 4 5 31 4 3 4 21 1 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
15 17 0 7 3 16 2 0 5 8 9 2 4 7 12 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
15 5 1 8 6 14 0 2 0 8 0 0 1 0 0 14
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
130 114 156 116
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
78 136 94 208
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
29 137 239 111
COX2 (size: 686 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 18 (7.93%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 18 (7.93%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 31 (13.66%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 18 (7.93%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (6.61%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 10 (4.41%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 11 (4.85%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.64%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 9 13 3 3 13 0 11 8 0 3 2 3 0 8 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 2 0 3 4 6 0 0 2 5 1 1 0 11 1 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
8 8 0 1 3 10 1 0 3 2 7 0 1 3 4 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 13 1 2 9 7 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
54 53 68 53
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
24 59 63 82
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
7 60 119 42
COX3 (size: 784 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 19 (7.31%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (6.15%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 16 (6.15%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 26 (10.0%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 30 (11.54%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 14 (5.38%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 9 (3.46%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 22 (8.46%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (4.23%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 10 (3.85%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (2.69%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 15 (5.77%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.69%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.54%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 5 14 5 4 11 2 7 6 1 6 1 5 1 13 9
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 1 1 2 4 9 1 1 5 13 0 1 2 6 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 15 0 1 2 10 0 2 1 5 6 0 1 5 5 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 5 0 4 1 7 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
58 57 77 69
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
41 64 60 96
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
9 64 125 63
CYTB (size: 1134 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 21 (5.57%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 21 (5.57%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 25 (6.63%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 43 (11.41%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.27%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 10 (2.65%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 60 (15.92%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 37 (9.81%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 20 (5.31%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.1%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 24 (6.37%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (3.18%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.65%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 5 (1.33%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.59%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 23 (6.1%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (2.12%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 11 (2.92%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.39%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.12%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
19 18 14 3 9 34 4 9 6 2 1 1 8 0 11 13
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 1 4 8 9 0 1 7 11 2 2 7 14 0 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
14 26 1 9 4 11 0 1 0 2 10 2 1 8 15 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 6 0 1 4 9 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 1 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
63 100 133 82
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
41 111 75 151
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
20 118 172 68
ND1 (size: 963 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 15 (4.69%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 21 (6.56%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 17 (5.31%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 34 (10.63%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.94%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 9 (2.81%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 59 (18.44%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 23 (7.19%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 27 (8.44%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 20 (6.25%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 16 (5.0%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (3.13%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 7 (2.19%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.25%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (3.13%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (4.69%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 11 (3.44%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (0.31%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (3.13%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.5%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
11 12 24 12 4 27 1 12 10 1 3 0 6 0 9 7
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 0 3 3 8 10 0 0 5 7 3 1 3 16 0 9
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
13 12 0 2 2 11 0 1 1 4 6 0 3 3 12 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 7 3 2 2 9 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 1 7
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
59 84 111 67
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
35 90 62 134
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
16 79 166 60
ND2 (size: 1039 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 14 (4.06%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 21 (6.09%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 26 (7.54%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 49 (14.2%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 48 (13.91%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 38 (11.01%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 36 (10.43%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 17 (4.93%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 10 (2.9%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 7 (2.03%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 9 (2.61%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 14 (4.06%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 12 (3.48%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 15 (4.35%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
19 19 35 4 6 25 1 9 12 0 5 4 4 0 6 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 1 0 4 11 6 0 0 3 9 2 1 5 11 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
17 25 0 1 9 12 2 0 2 3 4 0 3 4 10 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 3 1 0 2 14 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
54 75 154 63
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
30 111 60 145
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
11 101 176 58
ND3 (size: 1039 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 14 (4.06%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 21 (6.09%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 26 (7.54%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 49 (14.2%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 48 (13.91%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 38 (11.01%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 36 (10.43%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 17 (4.93%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 10 (2.9%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 7 (2.03%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 9 (2.61%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 14 (4.06%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 12 (3.48%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 15 (4.35%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
19 19 35 4 6 25 1 9 12 0 5 4 4 0 6 4
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
1 1 0 4 11 6 0 0 3 9 2 1 5 11 0 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
17 25 0 1 9 12 2 0 2 3 4 0 3 4 10 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 3 1 0 2 14 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
54 75 154 63
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
30 111 60 145
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
11 101 176 58
ND4 (size: 1353 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 15 (3.33%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 29 (6.44%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 34 (7.56%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 53 (11.78%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 5 (1.11%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 9 (2.0%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 72 (16.0%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 45 (10.0%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 49 (10.89%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (6.22%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (2.89%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 17 (3.78%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 8 (1.78%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (0.89%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.33%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 14 (3.11%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 17 (3.78%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 9 (2.0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 15 (3.33%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.78%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
23 22 42 8 5 37 8 13 15 2 3 0 6 0 6 7
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
7 0 5 4 11 14 0 2 3 10 0 3 6 19 0 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
19 29 0 5 7 13 1 0 8 6 11 0 1 3 11 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 5 1 2 2 15 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 1 0 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
63 120 184 84
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
44 136 83 188
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
20 125 234 72
ND4L (size: 288 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 3 (3.16%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 3 (3.16%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 7 (7.37%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 21 (22.11%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (3.16%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 3 (3.16%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 17 (17.89%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 4 (4.21%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (11.58%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 0 (0%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 4 (4.21%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 2 (2.11%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 0 (0%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.05%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (3.16%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 6 (6.32%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 1 (1.05%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 2 (2.11%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 3 (3.16%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (1.05%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
2 2 8 1 1 11 1 3 1 0 3 0 0 0 3 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 0 3 1 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
5 11 1 0 1 3 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 6 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
2 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
13 18 48 17
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
10 28 19 39
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
6 26 48 16
ND5 (size: 1821 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 21 (3.47%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 39 (6.44%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 54 (8.91%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 81 (13.37%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 5 (0.83%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 14 (2.31%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 85 (14.03%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 53 (8.75%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 59 (9.74%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (3.47%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 21 (3.47%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 16 (2.64%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (2.15%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 11 (1.82%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (1.32%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 34 (5.61%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 19 (3.14%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 13 (2.15%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 32 (5.28%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 7 (1.16%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
30 23 57 11 7 41 5 21 18 1 2 5 6 1 11 10
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 2 3 6 18 15 0 1 9 9 2 0 4 17 0 17
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
28 35 1 7 16 23 0 2 6 4 12 1 0 8 26 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
9 8 0 3 8 32 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 1 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
93 124 267 123
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
54 187 134 232
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
13 185 301 108
ND6 (size: 510 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 23 (13.61%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 9 (5.33%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 15 (8.88%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 2 (1.18%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (2.37%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 27 (15.98%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 28 (16.57%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 1 (0.59%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (5.33%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 3 (1.78%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 19 (11.24%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (5.33%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 8 (4.73%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (2.37%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (1.18%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (1.78%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (0.59%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.59%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (0.59%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
1 0 2 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 15 0 6 6 19 0
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
7 4 0 6 2 0 1 9 0 5 9 0 1 2 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 1 0 5 0 2 2 6 0 9 0 7 18 2 1 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 0 2 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
65 5 22 78
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
42 23 21 84
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
55 4 29 82
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11310 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 194 (5.15%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 235 (6.24%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 261 (6.93%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 418 (11.1%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 30 (0.8%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 138 (3.66%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 574 (15.24%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 314 (8.34%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 312 (8.28%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 194 (5.15%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 193 (5.12%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 117 (3.11%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 101 (2.68%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 64 (1.7%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 75 (1.99%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 162 (4.3%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 100 (2.65%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 88 (2.34%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 127 (3.37%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 63 (1.67%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
165 149 268 70 51 267 29 122 91 9 44 20 64 10 111 82
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
44 13 17 41 90 100 4 18 43 109 24 15 38 138 3 67
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
140 208 3 40 49 118 8 14 32 46 71 13 35 48 114 24
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
64 65 10 28 36 124 3 5 3 53 2 0 1 4 3 88
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
706 862 1380 820
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
435 1062 740 1531
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
201 999 1819 749 

>NC_012427.1 Chamaeleo chamaeleon mitochondrion, complete genome
GTTATTGTAGCTTAAAAAAATTAAAGCACAGTATTGAAAATACTGAAATGGGCCGACAACGCCCCAAAAA
CATGAGAGTTTTGGTCCTGGACTTTCCGTTATTTATGATTAAGATTACACATGCAAGTATCCACACTCCA
GTGAGTCCGCCCAATCACTATAGGAGCAGGCATCAGGCACAACCTATCTTATCAGCCCATAACGCCAAGA
TACCCACACCCACACGGGTATACAGCAGTGACCAATATTAGGCCATGAGCTAACGCTCGACCTAGCTATA
CTCTAAGGAGTCGGCAAACTTCGTGCCAGCCGCCGCGGTTATACGAAGTGACCCCAAATAACGAACAGCG
GCAAAAGCGTGAGCACATATTCAACATACTAAGCATCAACTGGAACTAATACGTAAAACCAAAGCCTAAT
TTGAACACCAACACAGAGCTTAAACACTAGAAACTTTAAACTCACGAAAACTGAGACACAAACTAGGATT
AGATACCCTACTATGCTCAATCATAAACATAGATTTTTTACTTTATCCGCCAGAGAACAACGAGCAAAGC
TTAAAACCCAAAGGACTTGGCGGCACTTCATACCACCCTAGAGGGGCCTGTCACATAATCGATAACCCAC
GATATACCTTACCACTTTTGGCCACTACAGCCTATATACCGCCGTCGCCAGCCCATCTTGATAAAGGAAC
AAAATGGACCAAAAAGTAATTACACTCATACGACAGGTCAAGGTGTAGCTTATAAAATGGTAAATGATGG
ACCACATTGCTTAATAAAGCCACACCAAAACTGCACTGAAACACACAATTTAAGGTGAATTTAACAGTAA
GACAAACAAGAAAATCTGTCTAAAGTATGCTCTGAAGCGTGCACACACCGCCCGTCACCCTACTTTATTC
ATACCCACAAAAAATATTACAAAAACCAAAACAAGAGTAGGAAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAAGCGCACCGGAA
GGTGTGCTTGGAAGACAAAAAGTAGCTTAATCCAAAGCATTCGCCCTACAATTGAAAAATGTTGACGAGC
CAACCTTTTTGAGCTCGTGATTAAGCCCAAATACCTCCCCAAATTCTATCTAACCACCACCCAAAACATT
TGACCTGGACAGTAGATGCGATCGAAATCCGCCAATCGACGCTATACAAACAGTACTATGAAGGAAAAAT
GAAAAAGAGTGAAACCGTTAGCATAACTAAGCAGGGACTAAAACTCGTACCTTTTGCATCATGATTTAGC
AAGAAAACTAGACAAAGCGACCTACAGCCTTCCACCCCGAACACAAGTGATCTACTTCATGGCAGTTGAA
CCGAACTAACTCATCTCTGTGGCAATAGAGTGAGAAGACCAAGAAGTAGTCGGCCAAAAACCAAACGAAC
TTGTCGATAGCTGGTTATCCGACAAATGAATTTAAGTTCAAACCAGGCAACACACCCTATCACATGAAAA
ACCATTTTACCTGGAAATAGCCAATGGGGGCACAGCCCCATTGGCGCTGGATACAGCCAAAAATAGCGAG
AAAACAGCACCCCCCCCACCCAAAAAACCTGTGGGCCTTCAAACAGCCACCAGTAAATATCGCGTCACAG
TGATACACCAAAAATACCACAAAAAATTCAATTCTCCTACTAAACCAACCGGATAATTCTACAAAAATGT
AGAAGAACTAATGCTAAAATAAGTAATTAGAACCGTTTCTTTAGACAGAACTTTAAGTAGCACTACACCC
AACAGACCCAAAAAAGAAATATGATACCCACTCAACAACACATTAAACACACTGTTAACCCAACAAAGGA
CTGTCTATCAATAGGCTTAAAACCTTAAAAGGAACTCGGCAAACCAATTCTCCAACTGTTTACCAAAAAC
ATAGCTTCTAGCTAAACTAGTATTAGAAGTAACGCCTGCCCTGTGGAACCCTAAACGGCCGCGGCACAAA
ACCGTGCAAAGGTAGCACAATCACTTGTCCCCTAAATGAGGACCCGTATGAAAGGCAACATGAGAGAAAA
CCTGTCTCCTAAGGTCCGCCAATGAAATTGATCCATCAGTACAAAAGCTGATATAACAAAGCAAGACAAA
AAGACCCTATGGAACTTTAACAAATTGATTATACACAATAAACATAAGCAATAGTTTCAGTTGGGATAAC
TTTAGAAAAAATAAACCTCTAAACACCATCTAGACCAACTAGTCTTGACCCACTAACGCACGACCCAGTA
ATACTGATTAACGAAACAAGCTACCCTAGGGATAACAGCGCTACCTTCTCAAAGAGTCCATATCAACAAG
AAGATCTACGACCTCGATGTTGGATCAGGGTACCCAGACGGTGCAGCAGCTGTCAACGGTTCGTTTGTTC
AACGACTAACACCCTACGTGATCTGAGTTCAGACCGGAGCAATCCAGGTCGGCCTTTATCTGCTCTAAGC
CTTTGCTAGTACGAAAGGACCGCCAAGACAAGACTAATGCTATTAGCACATCTTTCAAAAATACTGCATA
AAACTAAACTACAAAAATACACCCAACCCAAAAAAAGGGCCAAAAACCAGAATCATCTGGTGCCACATTA
GGGTGGCATAGACTGGTTATTGCTGGGGGCCTAAAACTCCCTGTCAGAAGTTCAACTCTTCTCCCTAACA
CATAAAAATACACCCACTAACTATTAACATTACAAACCTTCTAACTACCTTTATCCCAATCCTAATCGCC
GTAGCCTTCCTAACCCTACTAGAACGAAAAACCCTTAGCTACATACAACTTCGAAAAGGGCCAAACATTG
TTGGCCCACAGGGAATCCTTCAACCTATTACAGACGGCGTAAAACTCCTAATTAAAGAGCCAGTACGACC
AAAACAATCCTCCCCAATCATATTTACTGCAGCCCCAACTTTAGCCCTCACCTTATCAATATTCATATGA
ACCCCAATACCCCTACCCAATCCAATCCTAACCCTTAACCTTGGCCTTCTATTGTTAATAACCATCTCAA
GTATAATAGTTTATACTACCCTACTATCAGGATGAGCATCAAATTCAAAATACGCACTTATGGGGGCACT
ACGAGCAGTTGCTCAAATAATCTCATATGAAATTACTTTAGGACTAATCCTTATATGCTTAACCATCCAA
ACAGGAAACTACAACCTAGATTTATTTGCTGCCACACAAGAAAAATCTTGATTAGCTCTTACAACTTGAC
CAATAATAATGATATGATATGTATCAACACTAGCAGAGACAAATCGAGCCCCATTTGACCTCACAGAAGG
AGAATCAGAACTAGTATCTGGCTTTAACGTAGAATACACCGGAGGCATATTTGCACTATTATTTTTATCA
GAGTACACCAACATTCTCCTAATAAACACCCTTACATGCATTCTGTTCTTCAACTCAGGAAACATTCAAT
CAAACATATTCACACCAATCTTGATAATAAAGACACTATTATTAACTATGGGGTTCATTTGAACCCGAGC
AGCATACCCACGATTCCGATATGATCAATTGATACAACTTCTATGAAAACAATTTTTACCCATCACTCTA
GCCATATGCCTACTATTTATAATAATTCCACTAACACTAGCAGCCCTACCATAGGAGAGAAGGAATCGAA
CCAACATCAAAAAACTCAAAATTTTACATATTTCAATTATACTATCCCCTATAATAAAAGGAAGCGTGCC
CGAGAATAGGGGCTACTTTGATAGAGTAAATACAGAGCAATAAACCTCTCTCTTCCACTAGGATCTGCTA
ACACATAAGCAATTGGGCCCATACCCCAAAAATGATAATGTATATCTCCTAGTATTGAACCTATCCACCC
AAGTAATAGTCCTATCTGGCCTAATAACCGGAACTATTATTACCGCTTCCAGCAACCACTGACTAGTAGC
CTGATCCGGACTTGAATTAAACATACTATCCATACTAGTTATCATAGTAAAACCTAAACACCCCCGAACT
GCCGAAGCCACAATCAAATACTTCCTCACACAAGCAATCGCTTCCACTCTAATACTATTTTCGGGCACAA
TAAATGCCATCCAAACCGGACAATGAAATATTACACAAATAACAGACAAGTATGCCTGTACAATACTCCT
TTTAGCTATGACAATAAAAGTTGGAGCTGCCCCAATTTACTTCTGACTACCAGAGGTTATACAAGGAACC
ACAACAACCACCGCCCTAATCATTGCCTCATGACAAAAAATTGCCCCAATTACCATTTTATTTATAGTCC
ACAACCACCTCCCACCAAAAATCACCATCCTAATTGCAATAATATCATCAATTATTGGAGGGTGAGGAAG
CATCAACCAAACCCAAATACGTAAACTAATAGCATATTCGTCAATCTCAAACCTAGGATGAACAATAGTA
ATCTTTACAATCTCCCCACATCTCGCAATTCTCAATATTACCATCTACATCACCATAATTATCCCCATAT
TTATAATTATAAAAAAAATATCCATAAAAACACTACAAGACTCAACAACAATATGAACCTCATCAACTAC
AGCCAACATTATACTAACATTAATATTGTTATCCGTTGGAGGGTTACCCCCCCTAACAGGCTTCACCCCA
AAACTACTAATTTTAAACGAACTAGTCATACAAAATTTAATACTAGTTGCAACAATAATAGCCATATTTT
CACTAATCAACCTGTTCTTTTATATCCGAACAACCTACATCACTGCAATAACTACACCCCCAATCATAAC
ATCAAACACAACAAAATGACGTCTTATTTTAACCAAACAAAAATTGACATCAACTCTAATCCCACTATCA
CTAATTTCCCTCCCACTTACACCAACCCTAATACACATAGTCTAGAAACTTAGGATATGTTTAAACCAGA
GGCCTTCAAAGCCCCAAAAAAGAGTATTAACCTCTTAGTTTCTGACTAAGAAAGTCTGTTGATACAACAA
CACCTTATGAATGCAACTCAAATGCTCTAATTAAGCTAAGACTTCATCTTTCTTTACTTACAGGACTAGT
AGGCCTTGATCCTACAAAAACTAGTTAACAGCTAGCTGCCCAAACCAGCGGGCATTAATCCAGTCTCCTT
TTAGAAAAAAAGGAGACAAATCCAGGGTCTAATTAACCATATCCGGATTTGCACTCCGGACTTTAACTGA
ATTTCGCTGGGGAGGGGGGAGTCTACCCCATAAATAGATTTACAGTCTACCGCCTTTATCGGCCACCTAA
CCATGTGACTACTTCGTTGACTTCTTTCAACTAACCATAAAGACATCGGCACTATGTATTTTTTATTCGG
ACTAGCCGCAGGACTTGTGGGAGCCACCTCAAGCCTACTAATACGAACAAAACTCGGCCAACCCGGATTC
TCCCTAGGGGATGACCATGCCTATAACGTCTTAATTACCCTACACGGATTAACCATAATTTTCTTCATAG
TAATACCAATCATAATCGGGGGGTTCGGAAATTGACTTGTACCCCTAATGCTTGGAGCACCTGACATAGC
CTTTCCACGTATAAACAACATAAGCTTCTGGCTTCTTCCACCATCATTCATGCTTTTATTAGCATCATCT
AAAGCCGGAACCGGAGTCGGAACAGGATGAACTATTTACCCACCACTATCTGGTAATATAGCGCACTCAG
GTCCATCCATAGATCTAGCAATTTTCTCACTACACCTAGCAGGAATCTCTTCTATTCTTGCCTCAATTAA
CTTTATTACAACCAGCATTAACATAAAACCGCACCACATAGTCCTCTACAACTTACCTCTATTCGTATGA
TCAGTCATACTAACTGCAATTCTATTAATCTTGGCTCTGCCAGTATTGGCTGCAGCCATCACAATACTCC
TAACAGATCGAAATCTAAACACAGCATTCTTCGATCCTGTAGGAGGCGGAGATCCCGTACTATTCCAACA
CCTATTTTGATTCTTTGGGCACCCAGAAGTATACATCCTTATCTTGCCAGGATTTGGAATTATCTCACAC
ATTATCACACACTACTCATGTAAAAAAGAACCATTTGGATACATAAGCATGGTATGAGCCATACTAGCAA
TTACCATTCTAGGATTCATGGTCTGAGCCCACCACATATTTACTGTAGGACTTGATATTGACACCCGAGC
CTATTTCTCTGCAGCAACAATAACTATCGCTGTGCCAACCGGAATTAAAGTATTTAGCTGAACAGCAACA
ATCTTTGGAGGAAAAATTAATTGAGAGCCCCCAATACTTTGGGCCCTTGGATTCATGTATTTATTTACCA
TTGGAGGCCTGACAGGAATCACACTATCTAACTCCACCCTAGATGTTTTACTTCACGATACCTACTATGT
TGTAGCCCACTTCCACTACGTATTATCAATAGGTGCTGTATTCGCAATCATAGCAGGTACAGTCTATTGA
TTTCCACTAATTTCAGGATACGCACTTAACAAAAAATTAGCATATTCGCAATTTACCATCATATTTATTG
GAGTTAATATCACCTTTTTCCCACAGCACATACTAGGATTGGCGGGAATACCACGACGATATTCAGACTT
CCCAGACGCCTACGCAATCTGAAACAATATTTCATCAACCGGAGCACTAATTTCGATACTAGGCGCACTA
ATAATAGTCACAATCCTATGAGAAGCAATAGTAAAAAAACGAAAAATCTCACGAACACTATCTAATACAA
CTATAATAGAATGAACACAAAAATGCCCACCACTACGACATACCTTTGAAAACCCACCAGCAATTTTATT
ACAAGGAAGGAGGGAATTGAACCCCCACCTTATGGTTTCAAGCCACACGCAGAACCATCTCCTGCCACCT
CCTTAAAGCCTTAGTAAAATATTACGTAGCCCTGTCAGCACTAAATTATGGGTACCAACCTCTAAACCCA
TAGGCTTTATATGGTTGAACCAATCCAATTATCATTACATGACGCTGCCTCGCCAATAATAGAAGAACTT
CTATTCTTTCACGACTACTCCATACTAATAATACTACTAATTGGAACCACCGTAATTATTGCACTATTAA
TCGCCTCAACCACAAAAACATACCATACCGCATTAACAGACGCAAATCACCTAGAATTTTTATGAACCCT
ACTACCAGTCATAATTTTACTATTTTTAGCAACACCATCAATACGAACCCTTTTTTTGTTAGAAAACCAA
GAAAGCCCTAACACCACAATTAAAGCAATCGGACACCAATGATACTGAAGCTACGAATACTCAGACTACG
AAAATATCTCATTTGACTCCTATATAATTCAAGATCAAGACCTAGAAAAAGGCTCCCCACGACTCCTCGA
AACTGACAATCGAATAGTCTTCCCGATACAAACCCCAATTCGACTACTAATCTCAGCAGAAGATGTTCTT
CATTCATGAACACTCCCAGCCTTAGGGGTTAAAATTGACGCTGTACCAGGACGATTAAACCAACTAATCA
TTTCTACTATACGACCAGGAATCTTTTACGGCCAATGTTCAGAAATCTGTGGAGCTAACCACAGCTTTAT
GCCAATCTCAACAGAGTCAGTACCAACAAAATATTTTGAAAAATGATTAGACAAAATAATAGCCTACATT
AAGAAGCTTGCATTAGCAACAGCCCTTTAATCTGTAGAAGGGGACTTTCCCCCTTAATGATTGCCACAAC
TAAACCCAACCCCATGACTCCCAATAATACTAATAACATGATTAATCATTAACACCATAATAGCTTTTAT
TAAAAACATAAACCTAACTAAAATCCCACTAACAACAAAAATAAATAACATTAAAATGAAAACCCCTTGA
ACCTGACCATGATAACAGAACTATTTGATCAATTTATAATCCCAGAACTATGTGGCATCAAACTACTCCC
GATTGCCATATTAATACCAACACTGCTAGCCTACCCCCCACACCAAATCCGAACAAACCGACTAACATCA
TTAATTATACTTTTAATTAAAAAAACTACAAAACATCTTTTTGCAACAATAAGCACATCCGCTTATACAT
GAGCCCTCATCTTAATTACTATAATTATATTCATCTCTTCAACAAATATTTTAGGACTCCTACCCTACAC
ATTTACACCAACAACCCAACTATCTATAAACATAGCAATAGCAATACCCCTATGACTGGCCACAATCACA
ATAGGACTTCGAAATCAACCAACAAAATCACTAAGTCATTTCTTACCAGAAGGAACACCAACCCCCCTCA
TCCCAGCCCTTATCATCATCGAAACAATTAGCCTATTTATTCGTCCCTTGGCCCTAGGCGTACGACTAAC
AGCAAACCTAACTGCCGGACACCTCTTAATTCAACTAATCTCAATGGCAGCCATAAAAACCAACCTAACT
TTATTCCCAACTATACTAGGAACCCTAACTTTACTGACAATACTTGAAGTAGCTGTAGCCCTAATCCAAG
CCTACGTATTTACACTACTACTAAGCTTGTATCTACAAGAAAACACCAATGAATAATCAAATACACCCAT
TTCATATAGTAAACGAAAGTCCTTGACCAATTCTAGGATCAATAGCCATATTTACCATAGCATGTGGCCT
AGCAACCTGAATGCACCATAAAACTTTAACACTTCTAAACCTAGGCCTTGCTGCAACATTATTAACATCC
TACCAGTGATGACGAGATGTTGTACGAGAAAGCACATTTCAAGGACACCATACAACAAAAGTTCAAATGG
GTCTACGATATGGAATAATTCTATTTATTACATCAGAAGTGCTCTTCTTCTTTGGATTTTTCTGAACATT
CTATTTTGCCAGTACTAACCCAGACCACGCACTTGGACTGCAATGACCACCAAAAGGCATCAAACCCCTT
AATCCAATTAATGTCCCCCTACTCAATACCATAATCTTATTAGCCTCAGGAATAACCGTTACATGATCAC
ACCACTCAATCATAGCAGGACTCAAAAAAAACACCTCTTGATCCTTGTTAATAACCGTAATCCTGGGCCT
CTATTTTACACTACTACAAGCATCAGAATACTACGATACAATATTCTCAATCTCAGATGGAACTTACGGA
GCAACATTCTTCGTAGCCACAGGATTTCACGGACTTCATGTTATAATTGGAACTACCTTTCTAATTATTT
GCCTAATACGACAAATAAACCACCACTTCACAACAAAACACTACTTCGGATTTGAAGCGGCTGCATGATA
TTGACACTTTGTTGATGTAGTTTGAATTTTTTTATACGCATCAATTTATTGATGAGGCTCATATTCTTCT
AGTATAATCTATTACAATTGACTTCCACTCAATTAATCTTGACTTCAAGGAAGAATAATAAACTTAATAA
CCACCCTAATTATTTCACTAATAATCCCAATACTATTAATTTTTATTAGCCACTGAATTCCACAAGTACT
CCCAGACACAGAAAAACTATCACCATACGAGTGTGGATTCAATCCTCTAGGCAATGCACGCCTCCCATTC
TCACTACAGTTCTTCCTCATCGCAATTTTTTTCCTAATCTTCGATCTAGAAATTGCCCTACTGTTACCAC
TACCCTGAGCAATCAACTCCACAACCCCTAAAATAACTACTATCTGAACACTTACAATTATCATACTACT
TACACTAGGATTAGTATACGAATGGACCCAAGGAGCTCTGGAATGAACAAAAACCTAAGGAATGAGTTTT
TAAAAATAGCTGTTTTCGAACCAGTCGTCTTAGGTCTCAACCCTAAATTCCTAAATGAACCAACTCCTAT
ACACAACATTCTCACTAACAATACTAGGCACACTAATCAACCGAACACACTTTTTAACAACTCTGCTATG
CATAGAAGGGATAATAGTTACACTATTTGTTATGATAACAATTACCCTATCCAACACGGAAATAACTTCA
ACTACAAGCATATCAATTATGTTAATCACCTTAAGTGCTTGCGAAGCAAGCACAGGACTAGCACTTCTAG
TTACTACCACCAACACACACACCAACGACTATATAAAAAACTTTAAACTACTAAAATGCTAAAAATCCTA
ATCCCAACCATAATATTAATTCCATCAGCTGCCCTAATAAAAAAAAACACACTTCACCCATTAATGTTAA
CCTATTCAACCATTCTGGCAACCTTAAGCTTACAATGACTAAAACCCCCTATAACCCTAATTAAACACTC
CAACCCATATCTTTCAGTTGACCAAATCTCAGCCCCCCTACTAACACTATCCTACTGACTATTACCTATC
GCAATTCTATCCAGCCAGAACCACCTGAAATATTCAACACAAACACAAACACGAATATTCTTCATATGCC
TAACTACACTTCAAATACTACTAACCCTATCTCTCTCTTCAACAAATATTATTCTATTTTTTATTATATT
TGAAGCTACCCTGATCCCAACAATAATTATTATTACACGCTGAGGAAGCCAAAAAGAGCGACTAACAGCA
GGAATATACTTTATATTTTACACCCTAATCAGCTCAATACCACTACTAATTGCACTTTTAATAATAAACT
ATCAAATAGATAATCTCAACACCATACTAACACCAATAACCACCTACAAACCCAACACAATCATATGATT
AGCATGCACAATAGCATTCATAGTAAAAATACCACTTTATGGTCTTCACCTCTGATTGCCAAAAGCTCAT
GTAGAAGCCCCTATCGCAGGCTCCATAATTTTAGCAGCAATCCTGTTAAAACTAGGAGGCTACGGAATAA
TGCGAATTTCACCCATGCTATGCCTAACTAAAACACTGTACTACCCATTCATCATTATGGCCCTATGAGG
AATAATCATAACTAGCCTAATCTGCCTGCGACAGCCAGATCTAAAATCACTTATTGCATACTCATCTGTT
AGCCACATAGGTCTAGTAATCACAGCCACAATAATCCAAACACCATCTAGCCTCAGCGGAGCCATAATTC
TGATAGTAGCCCACGGCATCACCTCGTCCATACTATTTTGCCTTGCCAATATGATATATGAACGAACTCA
CACACGAACATTAGCAATAATACAAGGAATTCAAACTACCCTCCCCTTAGTAACAGCCTTCTGACTAATC
GCTAACCTAACAAACATAGCCATCCCACCAACAATTAACCTAATAGGAGAAATTACAATTACCACAACAA
TATTCAACTGATCTCCACCAACCCTGATTTTAACCGGATCAGCAGCAACCATCACAGCCATTTACTCAAT
GTACATATTCTCAGCAATTCAACAAGGAAAAACACAAAAAGACATAATAATCTCCCCCCCACAAACCCGA
GAATACCTAGTACTAACCCTACATACAATACCAATAATCCTACTAATAGTTAACCCACAAATCATCACAC
TATCCTAATGCGCCACGTTAGTTTAATAAAACATTAGCCTGTGGTGCTAAAAATGGACTCACAAAGACCA
CGCAGCCGAAAGGTTTACAAGAACTGCTAACTCCTACTACTAGTGCTAACCCACTAGACCTTTCAACTTT
TAAGGGAAAGCAGCTATCCGGTGACCTTAGGAGTCAAGACCCTTGGTGCAACTCCAAGTAAAAGTAGTGA
ACTCAACACTTGACCTTGACACAACAATAATTTCAACACTAACCATTCTATCTACACTAGTACTATTTAC
CTCCCTCCTACAAAAAAACACTAAATTTAACCTTTCCCCAGAAACAACTGTCATAACATCCTTCATAATA
TCAATTATCCCAACAATACTTTCACTAAAACACACACCCCACAGCACATCAATTAATCTGACCATAATAC
AAACTTCAACCCTCAACATTTACTCAACAATCTCTACCAACTTAAATTCTAACATATTTTTATCCGTTGC
CCTATTTGTAACATGAGCAATCATACAATTTTCCTCCTGATATATAAAAGACACCCCAAAAATTAAACTT
TTTAAAAAATACTTAATAGCATTTCTAATTTCCATAATCATCTTAATACTTGCAGGCAGCATGATCCAAC
TATTTATCGGCTGAGAAGGAGTAGGCATCATATCCTTTTTACTGATTAATTGATGATACGCCCGCACATA
CGCCAACTCATCAGCCATACAAGCAATAACATATAACCGAATCGGAGATATCGGAATTATTCTAATTTTA
ACATGACTTGCTACTAACCAAACATCATGAGATATACAATCTATAGACCCCCATATAAACACAACAATAC
TGACATTAGGACTAATCTTAGCAGCCGCAGGAAAATCCGCACAATTCTTCATACACATATGACTACCAAA
TGCAATAGAAGGCCCAACTCCAGTCTCAGCCCTACTTCACTCCAGCACCATAGTTGTAGCTGGCATCTAC
CTACTAACCCAAATACACTACCTTATTAAAAACTCCCATATTTCTATAAGCGTCTGCCTATGATTAGGGG
CAACTACCAGTCTATACGCCTCAATAACTGCTATCTGTCAAAATGACCTAAAAAAAATTATCGCCATATC
AACACTAAGCCAACTAGGCCTAATAATAGTCGCCATTGGACTCAACCAACCAAACCTATCATTCATACAC
ATTTCAACACATGCCTCAACCAAAGCAGCACTATTCTTATGCGCCGGCTCATTCATCCATAACCTACAAA
ATGAACAGGACATTCGAAAAATAGGCAACATAAAAACTACACTACCAATTACATCAACATGCCTCGTCAT
CGCTAGCCTAGCCCTAATAGGCATACCATTTTTATCCTGTTTCTACTCTAAAGACCCAATTATCGAAACT
ACCTACGTATCAAAAATAAACACGTGAATCCTGATCATAGTAATAACAGCAACCGCTATAACATCCGCCT
ACTCTATACGAATAATATTCTACACCCTAACCAAATATAGTCGAAATAAACCAACCATAACAATCAAAGA
AACCACTAATCAAATTAACCCCATCATTCGATTAACTATACTATCAATTTTAGCCGGTACCATACTTTCC
ATTACTATATCCCAAACAACCTTAGACCCAAACCTCCCAAAAACAATAAAATTAACCCCAATATTAGCCA
TACTAACAGGAATTTACCTAACTATTGAAATACTAAACAAATCAACTGCCCACACCCCCATACAAAAAAA
CTCACTATTTATTCTAATAAACCAACTTGCCTTCTTCAAAATCACCCACCGATGAATACCAAAAAACACC
TTAAAAACAGGAACCATGATTGCAACCCAACTAATTGATCTGCTATGGCTAGAAAAAACAGGACCAAAAG
CCATCACACTAATTAACAAAAACACTGCTAAAATAACCAACCCATTAACCGGGCTCATAAAATTATATTT
ATCATCCACTGCAATTACCATAGCACTAACCCTATTAATAACACACCTCTGACTAACAACTAACTAAAGC
CCCAAAATGCCACCCCCACACCAAATCCAAAACTACAAACAATGTTAATAACAACACTACTCCTAAAATC
AAAAAACAACCTCCCCCAAAAGAATACAACAATACTACCCCCCCCCAATCAACAACAACATCACTCAACA
AAAAAACACTACCAACTATACCCCCATTAAAAAACCACTTCCACTCCATATACCACCACAAACAAAATAA
ATACCCTAAAAATCCAGCAACATACAAAAAAACAGACCGATTTCCTCAAGCCTCTGGATACATATCAGAC
GACATGGCAACCGAATAAACAAACACCACCAATATACCACCTAAATAAACTAACATCAACACCAATGAAA
CAAAAGTACTACTCAAACCAGCCACAACACCGGCACCAAAAACAGACGCCAAAGCCAATGATACACCCCC
AAAATATGGAGAGGGGTTACTAGCTACTCCCCCCATAAAAAATAAAAAAAAACACAACATTAAAAAATAC
ATCATTCTCACCTGGACTAAAACCAGAACCTTCAACACGAAAAACTGATGTTGTTATTCAACTATAAAAA
CCATGACCATCACACGAAAATCTAACCCAGCTCTAAAAATTATTAATCACTCACTAATTGACCTACCTAC
CCCAACAAACATCTCAACAGCCTGAAATTTTGGATCACTACTGGGACTCATGCTAGTAACACAAATTACA
ACCGGACTATTCCTAGCAATACACTACACAGCTGATATCAACCTAGCATTCTCCTCTATTGCACATATCT
CCCGAGAAGTAAACTTCGGCTGACTCATACGAAACCTGCATGCTAATGGGGCATCAATATTTTTTATTTG
CATCTACCTTCATATCGGACGAGGACTATACTATTCCTCCTATCTGTACAAAGAAACATGAAATATTGGC
ATTATCCTATTATTCCTAACAATGGCCACCGCATTCTTAGGTTACATCCTACCCTGAGGACAAATATCAT
TCTGGGGGGCAACAGTAATTACCAACATATTATCTGCAATCCCATACATTGGCAACAACCTAGTAAACTG
AATCTGAGGCGGATTCTCAGTAAATAATCCAACACTAGTTCGATTCTTCACACTACACTTCTTAACGCCC
TTTTTAATCGCCGGAACCACCATATTACACCTGCTATTCCTACACGAAACAGGCTCAAACAACCCAACAG
GACTCTCTTCTAACTCTGACAAAGTATCATTTCACCCATACTTCCCACTAAAAGACTTAACCACTGCAAC
AATAACCGTAACCCTATTAACACTAATTGCCCTATTTCTCCCCACACTACTAACAGACCCACAAAATTTC
TCACCCGCCAACCCACTCTCTACCCCACCTCATATCATGCCAGAATGGTACTTTCTATTTGCCTACACAA
TCCTACGATCTATTCCAAACAAATTGGGAGGAGTCATAGCCCTACTTATGTCAATTCTAATCCTTATTCT
CATACCCCTCCTCCACACTTCTAAACAACGAACAATAAAATTTCGGCCCCTATCACAGCTAATATTTTGA
ACCATGACAGCAAATATCATAATCTTAACATGAATTGGCAGTCAACCAGTAGAACAGCCACTCACAACAA
TCGGCCAAATTGCTACCACACTATACTTTCTAATTATTATCATAATTACACCCACACTAGCCCTAATAGA
AAACAAAACCCTATAGATAGTCCCAGTAGCTAACACTTTAAAGCATTGGCCTTGTAAACCAAAGACGGGT
ACAACCCCTGGGTCTAAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCC
AAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGC
TAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGG
CCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTC
AACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACTATCCAAGCTAGGCCTCAACACCCCCATGACTAGACTTTGTCA
AAAAACCTCTCGTAGTGCCGCCTCACCCGAGAAATTTAGTCAAATCTAGCCAACAAACTAATCCTTATAA
TCTGGTTAAAAAAATCAGAATATCCCCGACATACACAACTAATTTTACACAAATCCATTAAACCAATAAA
ACAACTACTGACACAAACTCAACCACCACCAACCTACAACACATTTTTTACTCACCCGAAGCTTTACCAA
CACACCCCCCCACATGAATAAAACACTCCAAAACTCGACCGACCCCTCATATTTTAGCCACTTTTCACTA
AAACAAAAAACAAAGAAAACTCGAGATTTAAGATGACCAAGCTAGGCCACACAATTTTCTTCGCAACACA
CTAGACTAATTTCTAATAAAAAAACTCCCGAGCGCCGCCACGCCCGACCATTGCCACCCAACTCTGATTA
ACAGCTAGTTGACGACAAAAATAAAATTTTAGTAACTTTTTAGTCATCGCAATTTAACGATAACAGCCTA
TGTATTAATATAATACATATGTATATAGTACATCTAGTTATTTTCCTCATACATATCATATTATACATAT
ATATTATTAATATTACTAAAGACATATCATGTTAGTTTCACATATATCTATCGACCTCATGGATATCATC
TTCCAATCGTGGCCTCTCTTATCACTGAAGCATCTTGATCGTCCAATAGGGGGATTTATTTATCTGGCAA
CTCACGAGAGATCAGCAACCCGCCATTTTAAGATACGTCGTTACCAGTCTCGTGGCTCTTCACGACACGT
TACCGCTAGTCTTGCCCTTTCCAAGGCCTCGGGTTCCTATCTCAGGCACATTCTTGTATTAACACGCATA
CGGTGGTCTTTCCGAGACCTCTGATTAATGTGTGTGCTACATCTCACCCGTGACCTCGGCATTCCTTGGC
ACTCCCGGCATCTGGTATTTCTTTTTTTTTTCTCTTCGACTTTCACAACCACATATCGAGCTCTCGACCG
ATCGCGACTTAGCGGGACCTATTAATGAGATGTATAGGTTACTTTTATATATGTATATGCATTCGTTTAA
TGCTCGGAAGACATAAAATTTCAAAAAAATCGCCATTTTTAACAGGCTTGTAAGGACCGCAGCACATTTT
TTTCAAAAATATTTACTAAATTTGGCTGCAAAGCTAAAAATCCTGCTAAATTTTTAGTGCCCTTTTTGCG
CGGAAAAGACCCTTTTCTGCTTTTTTTTAAAACACCCTTTCACTTAAGAATTCGACCGTGAAAAATTCAA
AACACCCAAAAATTTACAAGAGGATTTTCGTTTTTTTTCGATTTTTTCGCCAAAAAAAAAATCTGACCTC
GTAACTTTTCGTCAACGCATTTTTCAAAAATTGAAAAAAAAAATGCATTTTTTTTTAAAATTTTGGCCAT
TTTTTTAAAAATTTTGGCCATTTTTTTAAAAATTTTAACATTTTTTTAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTCCAAAA
ATTCTTTCAATTAGCAAGAATCTTCTACCGAGTGACACATCACAAAAAATGAAAATTTTCCATTTTTTCT
AAAATCACTAACCAATAACTTCTAGATTAGCCAGTAAGTCTACTACTCTCAGTACCTTACTAGATTTTAC
ACATTAAAAGAGGAAATAGGCATCCATCACCGACTCCCAAAGCCGGAATTTTAGTTAAAACTATCTTTTA
AAAATTTTAAAATTTCAAAATGACCAAAATTTACACGGCAAGTCTTGGACCGAAATTTTTTATCCATTTT
TCAAAACACAATATTTCCCTTGAACGCACCAAATCTTCATTTGTATATATATATATATATACATAAAGAT
AATATGCAAGATGTTGCATATTATCTTTACATATATATATATATGAATAAATAAATACATATATATATTA
ATTACACACCAAGTCCAGGACCAAAAACACTTTTTTATGT
Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.