Viewing data for Pteropus scapulatus


Scientific name Pteropus scapulatus
Common name Little red flying fox
Maximum lifespan 15.80 years (Pteropus scapulatus@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16741 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 6912 9828 4510 2402 4234 5594
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 413 587 269 143 253 334
Base content (%) 41.3% 58.7%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11354 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 4714 6640 3244 1470 2960 3680
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 415 585 286 129 261 324
Base content (%) 41.5% 58.5%
D-loop (size: 1286 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 580 705 366 214 295 410
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 451 548 285 166 229 319
Base content (%) 45.1% 54.8%
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1512 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 560 952 323 237 413 539
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 370 630 214 157 273 356
Base content (%) 37.0% 63.0%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2540 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1036 1504 562 474 558 946
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 408 592 221 187 220 372
Base content (%) 40.8% 59.2%
12S rRNA gene (size: 968 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 408 560 227 181 205 355
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 421 579 235 187 212 367
Base content (%) 42.1% 57.9%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1572 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 628 944 335 293 353 591
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 399 601 213 186 225 376
Base content (%) 39.9% 60.1%

ATP6 (size: 681 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 278 403 192 86 187 216
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 408 592 282 126 275 317
Base content (%) 40.8% 59.2%
ATP8 (size: 204 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 68 136 56 12 53 83
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 333 667 275 59 260 407
Base content (%) 33.3% 66.7%
COX1 (size: 1545 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 671 874 408 263 441 433
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 434 566 264 170 285 280
Base content (%) 43.4% 56.6%
COX2 (size: 684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 286 398 192 94 170 228
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 418 582 281 137 249 333
Base content (%) 41.8% 58.2%
COX3 (size: 785 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 354 431 230 124 215 216
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 451 549 293 158 274 275
Base content (%) 45.1% 54.9%
CYTB (size: 1140 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 502 638 348 154 289 349
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 440 560 305 135 254 306
Base content (%) 44.0% 56.0%
ND1 (size: 957 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 420 537 289 131 240 297
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 439 561 302 137 251 310
Base content (%) 43.9% 56.1%
ND2 (size: 1044 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 398 646 294 104 263 383
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 381 619 282 100 252 367
Base content (%) 38.1% 61.9%
ND3 (size: 348 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 139 209 96 43 99 110
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 399 601 276 124 284 316
Base content (%) 39.9% 60.1%
ND4 (size: 1378 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 556 822 392 164 368 454
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 403 597 284 119 267 329
Base content (%) 40.3% 59.7%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 117 180 80 37 85 95
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 394 606 269 125 286 320
Base content (%) 39.4% 60.6%
ND5 (size: 1818 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 726 1092 510 216 476 616
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 399 601 281 119 262 339
Base content (%) 39.9% 60.1%
ND6 (size: 528 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 215 313 170 45 92 221
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 407 593 322 85 174 419
Base content (%) 40.7% 59.3%

ATP6 (size: 681 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 11 (4.87%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 17 (7.52%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 14 (6.19%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 23 (10.18%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 41 (18.14%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 27 (11.95%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (6.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 12 (5.31%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 12 (5.31%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 3 (1.33%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (1.33%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 10 (4.42%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (3.98%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 8 (3.54%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.77%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 9 10 3 4 20 4 9 8 1 1 2 5 1 4 8
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 0 1 8 6 2 0 3 3 5 4 3 5 0 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 12 2 1 5 4 0 1 3 1 1 0 1 1 9 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 2 1 2 0 4 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
42 64 83 38
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
22 62 39 104
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
22 66 94 45
ATP8 (size: 204 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLDTSTWFITILSMILTLYIIMQLKISKHTYYQNPEPTTTKSTKHLTPWENKWTKIYSPLSLPLQ*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 0 (0%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 0 (0%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 6 (8.96%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 11 (16.42%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 0 (0%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 9 (13.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 7 (10.45%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 6 (8.96%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 1 (1.49%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 4 (5.97%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 3 (4.48%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.49%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.99%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (2.99%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 4 (5.97%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 2 (2.99%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 6 (8.96%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
5 2 0 2 1 3 2 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
2 6 1 1 2 3 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 1 1 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 2 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
3 20 29 16
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
3 23 22 20
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
6 13 32 17
COX1 (size: 1545 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 47 (9.14%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 40 (7.78%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 31 (6.03%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 39 (7.59%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 37 (7.2%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 61 (11.87%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 37 (7.2%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 30 (5.84%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 29 (5.64%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 42 (8.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 19 (3.7%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.31%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.72%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (1.95%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 18 (3.5%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (1.36%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 18 (3.5%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.56%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
21 16 22 7 7 29 11 5 6 1 5 9 22 1 15 27
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 0 1 10 17 10 3 9 14 18 6 6 5 17 1 9
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
12 15 3 4 5 18 1 0 3 11 8 1 2 9 9 7
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 10 0 3 11 9 0 3 1 3 1 0 0 1 0 16
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
148 116 136 115
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
76 136 96 207
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
39 156 201 119
COX2 (size: 684 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 21 (9.25%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 18 (7.93%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 35 (15.42%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 17 (7.49%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 6 (2.64%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (5.29%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 11 (4.85%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.64%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 7 9 4 2 22 2 4 7 0 2 4 6 1 0 6
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 2 0 2 6 0 1 4 1 2 2 4 6 1 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 7 0 3 7 6 0 1 4 6 6 1 1 1 4 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 13 1 2 9 5 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 1 0 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
54 63 64 47
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
26 55 62 85
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
14 74 102 38
COX3 (size: 785 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 20 (7.69%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 18 (6.92%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 21 (8.08%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 35 (13.46%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 14 (5.38%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 24 (9.23%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (4.23%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.62%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (1.15%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 6 (2.31%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (2.31%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.54%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
6 7 4 5 1 15 7 7 6 0 2 6 8 1 5 19
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 1 5 8 4 0 3 4 12 1 3 6 5 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 11 0 3 3 8 0 1 3 3 8 0 0 2 4 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
14 6 2 0 3 3 1 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
65 70 56 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
43 66 55 97
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
16 94 104 47
CYTB (size: 1140 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 24 (6.33%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 22 (5.8%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 26 (6.86%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 23 (6.07%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (1.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 21 (5.54%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 61 (16.09%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 38 (10.03%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 15 (3.96%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.07%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 25 (6.6%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 15 (3.96%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.58%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (3.96%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (1.85%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.37%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 28 13 7 10 31 4 9 6 1 3 5 13 0 5 20
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 0 4 0 13 8 1 2 7 14 1 1 5 15 2 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 13 1 2 6 12 2 0 4 6 9 1 0 0 15 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 6 0 2 10 9 0 0 1 7 0 0 1 0 0 11
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
85 103 105 87
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
53 90 77 160
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
16 155 167 42
ND1 (size: 957 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 13 (4.09%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 30 (9.43%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 21 (6.6%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 23 (7.23%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.31%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 15 (4.72%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 58 (18.24%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 24 (7.55%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 22 (6.92%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 22 (6.92%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 18 (5.66%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (3.14%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 9 (2.83%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.26%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (3.46%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 11 (3.46%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.89%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 5 (1.57%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.2%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.52%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 15 16 2 9 31 7 9 6 0 0 3 10 2 6 12
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 1 2 18 8 2 0 3 6 4 3 4 14 1 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 14 1 2 10 7 0 0 2 6 4 0 0 2 9 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 9 2 1 3 7 0 1 1 6 0 0 0 1 0 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
73 90 89 67
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
33 94 55 137
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
25 105 153 36
ND2 (size: 1044 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 14 (4.03%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 20 (5.76%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 29 (8.36%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 41 (11.82%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 57 (16.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 31 (8.93%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 37 (10.66%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (6.05%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 16 (4.61%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (0.86%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 21 32 1 9 27 9 11 8 1 2 3 7 1 2 9
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 0 2 10 8 0 1 5 7 1 3 3 14 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
10 28 0 7 8 10 1 1 2 6 5 1 0 5 11 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 5 0 0 1 13 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
53 84 141 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
30 108 61 149
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
21 102 181 44
ND3 (size: 1044 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 14 (4.03%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 20 (5.76%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 29 (8.36%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 41 (11.82%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 57 (16.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 31 (8.93%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 37 (10.66%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (6.05%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (3.17%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.88%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 16 (4.61%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 5 (1.44%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 13 (3.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (0.86%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
10 21 32 1 9 27 9 11 8 1 2 3 7 1 2 9
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 0 2 10 8 0 1 5 7 1 3 3 14 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
10 28 0 7 8 10 1 1 2 6 5 1 0 5 11 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
4 5 0 0 1 13 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 9
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
53 84 141 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
30 108 61 149
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
21 102 181 44
ND4 (size: 1378 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 18 (3.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 30 (6.55%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 40 (8.73%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 40 (8.73%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.66%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 17 (3.71%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 90 (19.65%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 45 (9.83%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 33 (7.21%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (4.59%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 16 (3.49%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 19 (4.15%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (2.84%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (0.66%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 9 (1.97%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 21 (4.59%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 9 (1.97%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
24 21 27 6 14 44 13 13 9 2 2 4 10 1 5 11
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 3 5 12 11 2 3 5 7 3 1 5 15 0 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
14 21 0 1 11 15 2 3 8 8 11 0 0 6 15 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 9 0 1 2 11 0 0 2 5 3 0 0 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
77 128 161 93
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
55 120 83 201
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
32 144 210 73
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 9 (9.18%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 9 (9.18%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (8.16%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 25 (25.51%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 10 (10.2%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 0 (0%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
2 2 7 2 3 17 0 2 2 0 0 2 6 0 0 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 0 3 3 1 5 0 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 4 0 2 2 4 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
24 28 26 21
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
9 23 17 50
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
4 29 52 14
ND5 (size: 1818 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 28 (4.63%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 45 (7.44%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 54 (8.93%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 51 (8.43%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (0.66%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 21 (3.47%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 92 (15.21%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 51 (8.43%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 42 (6.94%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 26 (4.3%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 43 (7.11%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 18 (2.98%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (1.98%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 9 (1.49%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (1.82%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 34 (5.62%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 22 (3.64%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (1.65%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 23 (3.8%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 9 (1.49%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
18 33 32 9 15 50 6 11 19 3 1 2 17 1 15 28
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
10 1 3 4 19 22 0 2 11 14 1 3 5 17 1 8
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
17 24 2 7 11 17 3 4 12 9 9 0 1 12 22 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 8 3 3 6 21 2 0 3 6 0 0 0 1 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
114 147 217 128
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
69 160 128 249
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
33 203 271 99
ND6 (size: 528 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 26 (14.86%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 7 (4.0%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 16 (9.14%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 6 (3.43%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.57%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 32 (18.29%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 16 (9.14%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 9 (5.14%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (6.29%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 3 (1.71%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 16 (9.14%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (5.71%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (2.29%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (1.14%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (4.57%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (1.71%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (2.29%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 1 (0.57%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 0 3 1 0 2 1 6 0 0 19 1 3 9 13 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 1 0 1 2 1 3 8 2 5 11 1 1 0 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 1 2 7 1 0 1 7 0 8 2 3 6 3 0 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 1 7 2 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
75 8 40 53
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
39 25 28 84
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
56 12 24 84
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11409 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 216 (5.68%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 255 (6.71%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 293 (7.71%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 309 (8.13%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 22 (0.58%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 205 (5.39%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 605 (15.92%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 312 (8.21%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 248 (6.52%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 197 (5.18%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 225 (5.92%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 137 (3.6%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 104 (2.74%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 65 (1.71%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 95 (2.5%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 153 (4.03%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 92 (2.42%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 96 (2.53%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 98 (2.58%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 64 (1.68%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
148 164 181 52 82 303 68 88 83 9 37 41 109 18 74 151
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
67 4 18 35 115 91 14 31 60 90 35 29 44 116 8 47
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
89 159 14 41 72 108 10 18 44 70 67 7 12 45 108 27
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
69 78 17 17 48 91 7 6 14 40 4 0 1 8 2 97
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
836 954 1183 829
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
469 992 746 1595
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
293 1186 1642 681

>NC_002619.1 Pteropus scapulatus mitochondrion, complete genome
GTTAATGTAGCTTAACCACAAAGCAAGGCACTGAAAATGCCTAGATGAGTATATCACTACTCCATAAACA
CAAAGGTTTGGTCCTAGCCCTTCTATTAGCCATCAGTAGGATTACACATGCAAGTATCAGCACCCCGGTG
AAGATGCCCTTTAATCACCAACGGTGATAAAGGAGCGGGTATCAAGCACACTATACAGTAGCTAAAGACA
CCTTGCCTAGCCACACCCCCACGGGATACAGCAGTGACAAAAATTAAGCCATGAACGAAAGTTTGACTAA
GCCATACTAACTCTCAGGGTTGGTAAATTTCGTGCCAGCCACCGCGGTCATACGATTAACCCGAGTTAAT
AGACATACGGCGTAAAACGTGTTAAGGAAACTCCACCCAGTAATAAAGTTAAATCTCAAGCTATGCTGTA
GAAAGCTCTAGCTAAGACAAAAATAAACCACGAAGGTGACTTTAAACCATCCGACCACACGATAGCTAAG
ACACAAACTGGGATTAGATACCCCACTATGCTTAGCCCTAAACCTAAATAGCCAAAACAACAATGCTATT
CGCCAGAGTACTACTAGCAACAGCTTAAAACTCAAAGGACTTGGCGGTGCTTTACATCCCTCTAGAGGAG
CCTGTTCTGTAATCGATAAACCCCGATAAACCTCACCAACTCTTGCTAATACAGCCTATATACCGCCATC
TTCAGCAAACCCTAAAAAGGAAACAAAGTAAGCAAAAACATAAAACATAAAAACGTTAGGTCAAGGTGTA
GCCTATGAGTTGGAAAGAAATGGGCTACATTTTCTAGCATAGAACACCAACGAAAATTTTCGTGAAATCG
AAAATAGAAGGAGGATTTAGTAGTAAATTAAGAATAGAGAGCTTAATTGAATCAGGCCATGAAGCACGCA
CACACCGCCCGTCACCCTCCTCAAGTATAAAGATACAAATACCCAATCCTATTAACGAACGTACATGCAT
ATAAGAGGAGATAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAAGCGTACTGGAAAGTGCGCTTGGATAAACCAAAGTGTAGCTT
ATACAAAGCACCTGGCCTACACCCAGAAGATTCCATATCAACAGTGGCCACTTTGAACAAATGCTAGCCC
AAACACATGCAAACTCAACTAACAACATCAGATAAAACAAAACATTTATCCCAACTAAAGTATAGGAGAT
AGAAATTTTAATACGGCGCTATAGAGAAAGTACCGCAAGGGAACGATGAAAGATAAATTGAAAGTAAAAA
ACAGCAAAGCTTATACCTTGTACCTTTTGCATAATGATTTAACTAGAACAACTCGACGAAGAGAACTTAA
GCCGAATAACCCGAAACCAGACGAGCTACCTAGGAGCAGCAAAAGAGCCAACTCGTCTATGTAGCAAAAT
AGTGAGAAGACTTCTAGGTAGTGGTGAAAAGCCTACCGAGCCTGGTGATAGCTGGTTGTCCAGAACAGAA
TTTTAGTTCAACTTTAAGCCATGCCTAAAAAAATTACAATTCAAATGCAGACTTAAAATATAGTCTAAGA
GGGTACAGCCTCTTAGAAAAAGGATACAACCTTGACTAGAGAGTAAGCACCATAAAAATTCATAGTTGGC
CTAAAAGCAGCCACCAATTAAGAAAGCGTTCAAGCTCAACAACCAAACTGAATTTTAATCCAAGAAATTA
TACGCGAGCCCCTAGCACGACCACTGGACTACTCTATTACAAAATAGAGGAAATAATGTTAATATGAGTA
ACAAGAACTAGTTTCTCCCTGCACAAGCTTATATCAGAACGGATGATCCACTGATAGTTAACAACAAAAC
AAATTCAACACCACAAGTAGAAAATTTATTAAGTCAACTGTTAACCCAACACAGGAGTGCACCTAAGGGA
AAGATTAAAAGAAGTAAAAGGAACTCGGCAAACACAAACCCCGCCTGTTTACCAAAAACATCACCTCTAG
CATACCAACTATTAGAGGCACTGCCTGCCCAGTGACATCTGTTAAACGGCCGCGGTATCCTGACCGTGCA
AAGGTAGCATAATCATTTGTTCTCTAAATAAGGACTTGTATGAATGGCCACACGAGGGTTTTACTGTCTC
TTACTTCCAATCAGTGAAATTGACCTTCCCGTGAAGAGGCGGGAATATACAAACAAGACGAGAAGACCCT
ATGGAGCTTTAATTAATTAGTCCAATAAATAAACAACTTACACTTCCGAGGAAGACAAGAGACTTTTTAA
TGGACTAACGATTTAGGTTGGGGTGACCTCGGAATACAAAACAACTTCCGAGAGACAAAAACTTAGACAG
ACAAGTCAACGAGCATAGTCATTTATTGATCCAAAAAATTGATCAACGGAACAAGTTACCCTAGGGATAA
CAGCGCAATCCTATTTGAGAGTCCATATCGATAATAGGGTTTACGACCTCGATGTTGGATCAGGACATCC
CAATGGTGCAGCCGCTATTAATGGTTCGTTTGTTCAACGATTAAAGTCCTACGTGATCTGAGTTCAGACC
GGAGTAATCCAGGTCGGTTTCTATCTGTTTTGTGTTCCTCCCAGTACGAAAGGACAAGAGAAACAGGGCC
CACTTAACACAAGCGCCCTCAAAGCCAATAGATGAGACAGTCTTAATCTAATAGCAACAACACAGCTAAA
CCCAAAAACAGGGTACACGTTAGGATGGCAGAGCCCGGCAATTGCATAAAACTTAAGCTTTTATAATCAG
AGGTTCAACTCCTCTTCCTAACAGTATGTTTATAATCAACCTATTAACAGTGATCGTCCCAATTCTACTA
GCCGTAGCCTTCCTAACCCTCCTCGAACGAAAAGTACTAGGGTATATACAACTACGCAAAGGGCCCAACG
TAGTAGGCCCTTACGGACTGCTCCAACCCATAGCCGACGCCCTAAAACTTTTCATCAAAGAACCCCTACG
TCCACTCACATCCTCCCCATCCATATTCATCATCGCTCCCATCCTAGCCCTGACCCTAGCCCTAACAATG
TGAATTCCGCTGCCAATACCACACCCACTTATCAACATAAACCTAGCCGTACTGTTCATGCTAGCCATAT
CCAGCCTAGCCGTATACTCCATCCTGTGATCCGGCTGAGCATCCAACTCAAAATACGCATTAATTGGAGC
TATACGAGCGGTAGCACAAACAATCTCCTATGAAGTCACACTAGCCATTATTCTCCTATCAGTACTCCTC
CTGAGCGGGTCATTTTCACTATCAACACTAATTATTACCCAAGAACACGCATGACTCTTACTATCCTCAT
GACCACTAGCCATAATATGATTTATCTCCACATTAGCCGAAACAAATCGAGCCCCATTTGATTTAACAGA
AGGAGAGTCTGAACTAGTCTCTGGGTTCAACGTAGAGTATGCAGGAGGACCATTCGCCCTATTTTTCATA
GCAGAATATGCCAACATCATCATGATAAACACTTTAACGGCCATTCTATTCATAGGAGCATTCCACGACC
CTACAATGCCAGAATTATATACAACCAACCTAATCACCAAAACTTTACTACTAACAGTATTCTTCCTATG
AATCCGAGCATCATATCCACGATTCCGATACGACCAACTAATACACTTACTGTGAAAAAATTTTCTACCA
CTCACACTAGCCCTATGCATATGACACGTGGCCATGCCAATTACCATAGCGGGCATCCCACCTCAAACAT
AAGAAATATGTCTGACAAAAGAGTTACTTTGATAGAGTAAATAATAGAGGTGAAAACCCTCTTATTTCTA
GGATAATAGGACTCGAACCTACTCCAAAGAATTCAAAAATCTCAGTGCTACCATATTACACCATATCCTA
AGTAAGGTCAGCTAAATAAGCTATCGGGCCCATACCCCGAAAATGTTGGTTCATATCCTTCCCGTACTAA
TTAACCCTATAATCTTCGCCATAATCATAATAACCGTTATCTTAGGAACAACAATTGTAGCAACAAGCTC
TCATTGACTCATAGTATGAATCGGATTTGAAATAAACATGTTAGCAGTTATCCCCATCCTAATAAAAAAA
TATAACCCCCGATCTATGGAAGCATCAACCAAATATTTCCTAACACAAGCAACCGCATCAATACTACTAA
TACTAGCCGTAACTGTAAACCTAGTCTACTCTGGTCAATGATCAGTCACAAAACCACTCAACCCAACAGC
ATCGACCATCATAACACTAGCCATGGCTATAAAACTAGGGCTATCCCCTTTCCACTTCTGGGTGCCAGAA
GTCACACAAGGCATCTCCCTACCATCAGGCCTAATCCTCTTAACCTGACAAAAACTGGCCCCAATATCTA
TCCTCTACCAAATCTCCCCAACAATTAACCTAAACTTACTAATAATACTATCAATCCTATCCATCGCCAT
CGGAGGCTGAGGAGGCCTCAACCAAACCCAACTGCGAAAAATTATAGCCTACTCATCTATCGCCCACATG
GGATGAATAACAGCTATCCTAATGTATAATCCAACAATAACACTACTAAATCTAACAATTTACATTCTGT
TAACAAGCACAACATTCGTAATATTCATATTAACCTCTACAACAACAACACTAGCCCTGTCCCACACATG
AAATAAAATACCACTCCTCACCACAGCCATCTTACTCACTATACTATCACTGGGAGGCCTGCCCCCGCTA
TCCGGATTTATACCAAAATGAATAATTATCCAAGAACTGACAAAAAATGACAGTGTAATTATACCAACCG
TAATAGCCATTATAGCACTACTAAACCTATATTTCTACATACGCCTCACATATTCCACATCACTGACAAT
ATTCCCATCAACAAACAATATAAAAATAAAATGACAGTTCAACCACATCAAACCAACAACTTATTTATCA
CCTTTAATTATCATATCTACCCTAATCCTTCCATTATCCCCAATATTAGCACTACTGGAATAGGAATTTA
GGTTAAACACAGACCAAGGGCCTTCAAAGCCCTAAGTAAATGCAGCACGTTTAATTCCTGACAATAAGGA
CTGCAAGACTCCATCTTACATCAATTGAATGCAAATCAACCACTTTAATTAAGCTAAGCCCTTACTAGAT
TGGTGGGCTCCAACCCCACGAAAATTTAGTTAACAGCTAAATGCCCTAACCAACTGGCTTCAATCTAACT
TCTCCCGCCTCAAAGAAAAAAAAGGCGGGAGAAGCCCCGGCAGAGTTGAAGCTGCTTCTCCGAATTTGCA
ATTCAGCATGTCTCATAACACTACAAGGCTTGGTAAAAAGGGGACTTAGACCCCTGTCTTTAGATTTACA
GTCTAATGCCTACTCAGCCATTTTACCTATGTTCATAAATCGTTGACTCTTTTCAACCAACCACAAAGAT
ATTGGTACTTTATATCTACTATTCGGCGCTTGAGCCGGTATAGTCGGGACCGCCCTAAGCCTGTTAATCC
GGGCGGAACTGGGCCAACCAGGGACCCTCCTAGGCGACGACCAAATTTACAACGTAATCGTAACAGCCCA
TGCATTTGTAATAATCTTCTTTATGGTTATGCCAATCATAATCGGAGGCTTCGGGAACTGACTTGTACCA
CTAATGATTGGAGCCCCAGATATGGCATTCCCCCGAATAAACAATATAAGCTTTTGACTTCTACCTCCAT
CATTCCTACTGCTACTAGCCTCATCAACGGTAGAAGCTGGCGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTGTATCCACC
TCTAGCGGGCAATCTAGCACATGCCGGGGCCTCAGTAGACCTAGCAATTTTCTCACTCCATTTGGCTGGT
ATTTCATCAATCCTAGGCGCCATTAATTTCATTACTACCATTATCAATATAAAACCTCCGGCTTTATCAC
AGTATCAAACCCCCCTATTCGTCTGATCCGTCCTAATTACAGCTGTCCTGCTTCTTCTATCCCTGCCAGT
ACTAGCCGCCGGAATCACAATACTGCTAACAGACCGTAATCTAAACACAACATTCTTCGACCCCGCAGGA
GGAGGGGACCCCATTCTATATCAACATCTATTTTGATTCTTCGGACACCCAGAAGTATATATTCTTATTC
TCCCAGGATTCGGAATAATTTCACATATTGTCACCTATTATTCTGGTAAAAAAGAACCATTTGGATATAT
AGGCATAGTATGAGCCATAATATCAATCGGATTCCTCGGCTTTATCGTATGGGCCCACCACATATTTACT
GTAGGTATGGACGTCGATACACGAGCGTACTTCACTTCCGCTACCATAATCATCGCCATTCCCACAGGAG
TAAAAGTATTTAGCTGACTGGCCACCCTGCACGGAGGTAATATCAAATGATCTCCAGCAATGTTATGAGC
ACTAGGCTTCATTTTTCTATTTACAGTTGGAGGCCTGACTGGCATTGTCCTAGCCAACTCCTCACTTGAC
ATTGTACTTCACGACACATACTATGTTGTAGCTCATTTCCACTACGTCCTATCTATAGGGGCTGTATTCG
CTATTATAGGCGGATTCGTTCACTGATTCCCACTATTTTCAGGATACACCCTAAACCAAACGTGAGCAAA
AATTCACTTCCTCATTATATTTGTAGGTGTAAATATAACTTTTTTCCCTCAACACTTCCTAGGTCTGTCA
GGTATACCACGTCGCTACTCGGACTACCCAGACGCATACACCACTTGAAATACGGTATCCTCTATAGGCT
CATTTATCTCACTAACCGCAGTAATCCTCATGGTCTTCATAATCTGAGAAGCCTTCGCCTCAAAACGAGA
AGTATCAACCGTAGAATTAACTACTACAAACCTGGAATGATTGCATGGATGCCCTCCACCATATCACACA
TTCGAAGAACCTACATATGTTAACCCAAAATAAGAAAGGAAGGATTCGAACCCCCAAGAATTGGTTTCAA
GCCAACATCATAACCACTATGTCTTTCTCCACTAGAGAGATATTAGTAAAATTTACATAACTTTGTCAAA
GTTAAGTTATAGGTTAAACCCCTATATATCTCCATGGCATACCCCTCCCAACTAGGTTTCCAAGACGCAA
CATCCCCTATTATAGAAGAACTCCTACATTTCCACGACCACGCACTAATAATTGTCTTCCTAATTAGCTC
TCTTGTATTATATCTAATTTCAGTGATACTAACAACTAGTCTAACTCACACCAGCACCATGGACGCACAA
GAAGTAGAAACCATCTGAACTATCCTACCAGCCATTATCCTAATTATGATCGCACTCCCCTCCCTTCGAA
TTCTATATATAATAGACGAAATTAACAACCCCTATCTAACCGTAAAAACTATGGGCCACCAATGATACTG
GAGCTACGAATATACAGACTACGAAGACTTAACCTTCGACTCCTATATAGTCCCAACACAAGACTTGAAA
CCTGGGGAACTGCGACTTCTAGAAGTCGATAACCGAGTAGTATTACCAATAGAATTAACCATTCGAATGC
TAATCTCATCTGAAGACGTACTACACTCATGAGCCGTTCCATCCCTAGGCCTAAAAACAGATGCAATTCC
AGGACGCCTAAACCAAACAACTCTACTGTCTACACGACCAGGCCTATACTACGGCCAATGCTCAGAGATC
TGCGGGTCAAATCACAGCTTCATACCGATCGTCCTTGAACTAGTTCCCCTAAAATATTTCGAAAAATGAT
CCTCATCCATACTATAAAATCATTAAGAAGCTTATTTTAAAGCGTTAACCTTTTAAGTTAAAGATTGGAA
GTACAAACCTCCCCTTAATGAAATGCCACAACTTGATACATCCACATGATTCATTACCATTCTGTCCATG
ATTCTCACACTATATATTATTATGCAACTGAAAATCTCAAAACACACATATTACCAAAATCCAGAACCCA
CTACTACAAAATCAACAAAACATCTAACCCCATGAGAAAACAAATGAACGAAAATCTATTCTCCTCTTTC
ATTACCCCTACAATAATGGGCCTCCCCATTGTTACACTAATCATCATATTCCCAAGCATGCTATTCCCAT
CAACTAACCGACTAGTCAACAACCGCTTGGTCGCAATCCAACAGTGAATTATTCACTTAACATCCAAACA
AATAATGGCGATTCATAACCAAACAGGACAAAAATGATCCTTAATGCTTATATCACTAATTCTATTTATT
GGCTCAACAAACCTTCTAGGCTTATTACCACACTCCTTTACACCAACAACCCAACTATCAATAAACCTGG
GGATAGCAATTCCCCTATGAGCAGGGACAGTAGCCTTAGGATTCCGCCATAAAACCAAAGCATCCCTAGC
CCATTTTCTCCCCCAAGGGACCCCAATCCCTCTAATTCCTATACTTATTATTATCGAGACGATCAGCTTA
TTTATTCAACCTATAGCCCTAGCAGTACGATTAACCGCGAACATCACTGCCGGGCATCTACTAATTCACC
TCATTGGAGGGGCCACTCTAGCTCTGATAGATATCAGCACAATAACGGCCCTAGTAACATTCATTATCTT
AATTCTACTGACAATTCTCGAATTCGCAGTAGCCCTGATTCAAGCCTACGTGTTCACACTACTAGTAAGT
CTATATTTACATGATAACACCTAATGACCCACCAAACACACGCATACCACATAGTAAACCCAAGCCCATG
ACCCCTAACAGGAGCCCTATCAGCCCTACTACTTACATCCGGACTGGCAATATGATTCCACTTCAACACA
CCCTCTATCTTATTATTAGGTCTGCTAACTAATATATTAACCATGTATCAATGATGACGAGACATCGTAC
GAGAGAGCACTTTCCAAGGACACCACACACCCATTGTCCAAAAGGGCCTGCGCTACGGAATGATCTTATT
TATCGTCTCCGAAGTATTCTTCTTCATCGGATTTTTCTGAGCCTTTTACCACTCTAGTCTGGCTCCTACT
CCAGAACTTGGAGGATGTTGACCACCCACAGGAATTCACCCTCTAAACCCTCTGGAAGTCCCCCTCCTAA
ATACATCAGTTCTTCTAGCCTCAGGCGTGTCAATTACCTGAGCACACCACAGCCTGATAGAAGGCAACCG
TAAACCCATGCTACATGCTCTATTAACTACAATCCTTTTAGGTGCCTACTTTACCCTACTTCAAGCTTCA
GAGTACTACGAAGCTCCATTTACAATTGCAGACGGAGTATATGGGTCAACATTCTTCGTAGCCACCGGAT
TCCACGGCCTACACGTAATTATTGGATCTACATTCCTATTCGTCTGCTTCGTACGACAACTAAAATTCCA
TTTCACCTCAAAACACCACTTCGGATTCGAAGCCGCTGCCTGATACTGACATTTCGTAGACGTTGTCTGA
CTGTTCCTATACGTCTCCATCTATTGATGAGGTTCATACCCTTTTAGTATAAATAGTACAATTGACTTCC
AATCAATTAGCTTCGGTCATAATCCGAAAAAGAGTAATTAACCTAATAATTACGCTCCTCACCAATACAC
TGCTAGCATCACTACTAGTATTAATCGCGTTCTGAATACCACAAATGAATACATACGCTGAAAAATCAAG
CCCATACGAATGTGGTTTTGACCCAATAGGATCCGCCCGCCTCCCTTTCTCAATGAAATTCTTTCTAGTA
GCAATTACGTTCCTTCTGTTTGACCTAGAAATTGCCCTACTCCTCCCACTCCCATGAGCCACCCAAACAA
ACAACCTAATAATTATACTCATTATATCACTTACCCTAATCTCTCTACTAGCCATCAGCCTTGCTTATGA
GTGATTTAATAAAGGACTAGAATGAGCCGAATAGCTGATAATTAGTTTAATAAAAACAAATGATTTCGAC
TCATTAGATTATGACTATAATCATAATTATCAAATGGCTTTAACATACATAAACATAGCACTAGCATTCA
CAGTATCACTATTGGGCCTACTAATGTATCGATCACATCTAATATCTTCACTCCTATGCCTAGAAGGCAT
AATACTCTCCCTATTCGTAACTATAGCACTAACAATTCTTAACTCCAACTTAGTACTAGCTAGCATAATC
CCCATTATCCTACTAGTCTTCGCAGCCTGCGAAGCAGCTCTAGGACTATCTCTACTAGTAATGGTCTCAA
ACACATATGGTGTAGACCACGTACAAAACCTTAACCTCCTACAATGCTAAAAATTATTATACCAACAATT
ATACTAATCCCCCTAACTTGACTATCAAAAAACAACATAATCTGAATTAATACCACAGCTCATAGCCTAG
TCATTACTCTACTTAGCCTGCCACTACTAAATCAATTTAACGATAACAGCCTAAACCTATCCCTCATATA
CTTTTCTGACTCATTATCAACCCCACTACTTATACTAACCATATGACTACTACCACTAATAATTATCGCA
AGCCAATTCCACCTAACCAAAGAAACATATACACGGAAAAAACTGTATATCACAATGTTAATTTCATTAC
AAATTTTCCTTATTATAACATTCACAGCCACAGAACTAATTCTCTTCTACATTCTATTTGAAGCGACCCT
GGTACCAACCCTGATCATCATTACACGATGAGGCGCTCAAACAGAACGACTAAACGCAGGACTATACTTC
CTATTCTATACATTAGTAGGATCACTTCCCCTACTAGTCGCATTAATTTATATACAAAACATTGCAGGAT
CACTGAATATTTTACTCACCCAGTACTGATCAGAACCACTAACAAATTCCTGAGGTAACTCCTTTCTATG
ACTAGCATGCATGATAGCCTTTATGGTAAAAATACCACTATATGGCTTACATCTATGACTGCCAAAAGCG
CACGTAGAAGCCCCAATTGCTGGCTCCATAGTCCTCGCAGCCGTACTGCTAAAACTAGGAGGCTACGGCA
TACTACGAATTACTACCGTACTAAGCCCAACAACAAGTTTCATAGCATATCCCTTCCTAATACTGTCCCT
CTGAGGTATAATCATAACAAGCTCAATCTGCCTCCGCCAGACAGACCTAAAATCATTAATCGCATACTCG
TCCGTAAGTCACATAGCATTAGTAATTGTAGCCGTCCTAATCCAAACCCCCTGAAGTTATATAGGAGCAA
CAGCCCTTATAATCGCACACGGACTGACCTCGTCCATATTATTCTGCCTGGCTAACTCAAACTACGAACG
AATCCACAGCCGAACTATAATCTTAGCCCGCGGGCTCCAAACTGTACTCCCACTAATGGCCGCCTGATGA
CTCCTAGCCAGCCTAACAAACCTAGCCTTACCTCCCTCAATTAACCTAATCGGAGAACTGTTCGTGGTTA
TATCAACATTCTCATGATCCTCAATCTCCATCATCTTAATAGGGATCAATATTGTTATTACAGCCCTCTA
CTCCCTGTATATACTAATTATAACACAACGGGGTAAACAAACCTACCACATCAACAACATCCCACCATCC
TACACCCGGGAAAATACCCTCATGGCTATACATCTCCTACCACTGCTCCTCCTATCAATTAACCCAAAAA
TCATTCTAGGGACCCTTTACTGTAAATATAGTTTAAACAAAACACTAGATTGTGAATCTAGACATAGAGA
CTGACAGCTCTTATTTACCGAAAAAGTATGCAAGAACTGCTAACTCATGCTACCATGTATAAAACATGGC
TTTTTCTACTTTTAAAGATGGTAGTTATCCGTTGGTCTTAGGAACCAAAAAATTGGTGCAACTCCAAGTA
AAAGTAATAAACCTATTCACCTCATCTATACTATTATCCATACTAATTTTAATAGCACCAATTGCATCAT
CGAACTCCAACTTCTACTTCAATAAATCGTTTCCAAACTATGTAAAAACAATAGTCTCATATTCATTCGC
AATAAGCTTAATTCCAATAGTAATTTTCATCCAATCGGGTCAAGAGACAATACTATCAAACTGACATTGA
ATATCCATCCAGACCATAAAATTAAGCCTTAGCTTCAAACTGGACTATTTTTCCATAATCTTTATGCCAG
TAGCACTATTCGTCACATGATCCATCATAGAATTTTCAATATGATATATACACTCAGACCCCTACATCAA
TCGATTCTTTAAATATCTACTAATGTTCCTAATTACAATAATAATTCTAGTAACCGCCAACAATTTGTTT
CAACTCTTCATTGGCTGAGAAGGAGTAGGAATTATATCATTTCTACTCATCGGCTGATGATACGGACGAA
CCGACGCTAACACAGCAGCACTACAAGCAATTTTATATAACCGAATCGGAGACATTGGCTTCCTCGTAGC
AATAGCATGATTTTTATCTAATCTTAACACTTGAGAACTACAACAGATCTTTGCTCTAAATCCAACCAAC
ACCAACCTTCCACTCGCCGGACTGTTACTAGCAGCAACAGGCAAATCAGCCCAATTCGGACTTCACCCAT
GACTTCCTTCCGCCATGGAAGGACCAACACCTGTATCAGCCCTATTACACTCCAGCACCATAGTAGTAGC
AGGCATCTTCCTGTTAATCCGCTTCTACCCACTAACAGAAAACAACAAAACCATCCAAACCGCAATACTA
TGCCTGGGAGCAATCACTACGCTATTTACAGCAATTTGTGCCCTAACCCAAAACGATATCAAAAAAATCG
TAGCCTTCTCCACCTCCAGCCAACTAGGTCTCATAATAGTAACAGTAGGCATCAACCAACCCCACCTGGC
ATTTCTCCATATCTGCACTCACGCATTCTTCAAAGCAATACTATTCCTATGCTCTGGCTCTATTATCCAC
AGTCTCAACGATGAGCAAGATATTCGAAAAATAGGAGGCCTATACAAAACTATACCATTCACCACAACAG
CACTAATCACAGGAAGCCTGGCCCTCACAGGAATGCCCTTCCTAACGGGATTCTATTCAAAAGACCTAAT
CATTGAAGCCGCCAACACATCATACACCAACGCCTGAGCCCTAATGCTCACCCTCATCGCAACTTCTCTC
ACAGCCGTATACAGCACCCGAATCATCTACTTCGCCCTACTAGGGCAGCCACGCTTCCCCACACTTATCC
TAATCAATGAAAATAACCCACTACTAATTAATCCCATCAAACGCCTCCTAATAGGAAGTATCTTTGCTGG
CTTTATTATCTCAAATAATATCCCACCAACTACTATCCCTCAAATGACTATGCCAATGTATCTCAAAATA
ACAGCCCTATTCGTGACCCTACTAGGATTCACAGTAGCACTAGAGCTAAACATAGCCACACAAAACCTAA
AACTAAATAAACAAAGTAGCTCCCTCAAATTTTCTAACCTCCTAGGCTATTTCCCAACAATTATACACCG
ACTTCAACCACTAGCCAATTTACTAATAAGCCAAAAAGTAGCCTCAATGCTTCTAGACATAATCTGACTA
GAAAGCGTACTACCGAAGTCCATCTCTTTATTTCAAGCAAAAACCTCAACACTAATTTCAAGCCAAAAGG
GCCAAATCAAACTATACTTCATGTCATTCCTAGTTACACTTGCCCTAAGTATAATCGTAACAAGCCATGC
TTAACCACCACGAGTAACCTCCATGACAACAACAACTGCAATAAATAAAGACCACCCAGTAACAACTACC
AATCATATTCCATAACTGTATAAAGAGGAAATTCCAACAGCCTCCTTACTGAAATACCCAGAATCCTCAA
CACCATAAACAACCCAATCCCCTAAATTACTGAACTCAAACGCAATCCCAACACTCCCCTCCTTCAACAC
GTACAAAACCAACAGTATTTCCATGAATAGCCCAAACACAAACGCCCCAAAAACTACCTTATTCGAAACC
CACACCTCAGGATACAACTCCGTGGCCATGGCCGCCGTATAACCAAAAACAACTATCATTCCACCCAAAT
AAATTAGAAACACCATTAAACCAAGAAAAGAGCCACTAAAATTCATAATAATACCACAGCCTACCCCACC
ACTAACAATTAACCCAACTCCCCCATAAACCGGAGAGGGCTTAGAAGAAAATCCCACAAACCCCACCACA
AACACAGTACTTAAAATAAACACAATATATGTCATCATTATTCCCACATGGACTCTAACCATGACTAATG
GCATGAAAAACCACCGTTGTACTTCAACTACAAGAACCACAATGACAAACATCCGAAAATCACACCCACT
ATTCAAAATCATCAACGACTCGCTAATCGACTTACCCGCCCCATCAAGCATCTCCTCGTGATGAAACTTC
GGCTCACTATTAGGCATCTGCCTAGCCATCCAAATTTTAACAGGACTATTCTTAGCCATACACTACACTT
CAGACACAACAACTGCATTCCAATCCGTAACCCACATCTGCCGAGACGTAAACTACGGATGAATTCTACG
CTACCTACACGCCAACGGAGCGTCCATATTCTTTATCTGCCTATTCTTACACGTAGGCCGAGGCCTTTAC
TATGGATCTTACATTTATAAAGAAACCTGAAACGTAGGCGTTATCCTCCTATTTGCCGTAATAGCAACAG
CCTTCATAGGATATGTACTCCCATGAGGCCAGATATCATTCTGAGGAGCAACAGTTATCACCAACCTGCT
CTCAGCAATTCCCTATATCGGAACAAACCTGGTAGAATGAATCTGAGGAGGATTCTCAGTAGACAAAGCA
ACCCTAACACGATTTTTCGCCTTCCACTTTCTCCTTCCATTCATCATCTCAGCCCTAGTAATAGTCCACC
TCCTTTTCCTACACGAAACCGGATCAAACAACCCCACAGGAATCCCATCAGATTCAGATATGATCCCATT
CCACCCATACTACACAATTAAAGACATACTAGGTGCACTAGCCATAATCCTAGTACTTATAACACTAGTC
TTATTCTCCCCAGACCTTTTAGGGGACCCAGACAACTACATCCCGGCCAACCCACTGAACACCCCTCCAC
ACATTAAACCAGAATGGTATTTCCTATTCGCATATGCCATCCTACGATCTATCCCAAACAAACTTGGAGG
AGTACTAGCCCTAGTCCTATCCATCCTCATCCTAATTGTCATACCACTCCTACACACATCAAAACAACGA
AGCATAATATTCCGACCGCTCAGCCAATGCCTATTCTGACTCTTAGTAGCCGACCTACTGACACTAACCT
GAATTGGCGGACAACCCGTTGAACATCCATTTATCATTATCGGTCAACTAGCATCCATCCTATACTTCCT
ACTTATTCTAGTCCTAATACCCATCACGAGCATCGTAGAAAACCATCTCTTAAAATGAAGGTCTATGTAG
TATATAAATTACACTGGTCTTGTAAACCAGAAAAGGGGAACAACCATCCCCCAAAGACTCAAGGAAGAAA
CTCAAGTTCCACACATGAACACCCAAAGCTGATATTCTACTTAAACTATTCCTTGAAACCCTATGTAATT
CGTGCATAATATTATTTACCCCATAATTGTACAGTACATATATGTATAATAGTACATAAATGCTCTCCCC
CATGAATATCCACCCAGACATGAAGTCAATGCAACTCTCACATGACAGCTAAACACAACAGAATATGCTC
AGCAACAGGAATATTCCAGACCACCACCAATGCTTTATTCAACATAGTACATTCATTTCTTTATCGTACA
TACCCCATTCAATCTATTAAACTTGCCAGACCATACGCATATCACCTCCAAATGGTTATTTCATGACTCC
CCAACTCACGTGAAACCAGCAACCCTTGTAAAAAGTATCCCTCTTCTTGCCACGGGCCCATAAACCGTGG
GGGTTTCTATAGTTGGGGCGTAAACGGCATCTGGTTCTTTCTTCAGGGCCATCTCACCTAAAATCGCCTA
CTCTTTCCCCTTAAATAAGACATCTCGATGGACTAATTACTAATCAGCCCATGCCGACACATAACTGTGG
TGTCATGCCTCTGGTATCTTTTAATTTTTGGGGGATGCTTGGACTCAACTACGGCCGTCAAAGGCCTTAA
CACAGTCAAATAAATTGTAGCTGGACTTCCAAGTCAACAGTCAGGGTCAACATGGACACAAGCAGGGACA
GCAAATCAATTGTCACAGGTCATACTAAATGCGAAAGTGGCATGGAAGTTATGTCAGGGGCATAAGCTAA
CAATGTTGGCCCGCAGGTGGAGAATACCAGGTGTTGTTAAGTTAATGGTTACAGGACATACGCATACGCA
TACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACG
CATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATA
CGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCA
TACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATACGCATCACTAGTACCACGCAATGTTATGGCAAACCCCCCCTACC
CCCCCGCTGGGATGCCCAACAACGCGCGACCAAACATCCTGCCAAACCCCAAAAACAGAACTACCGCAAC
GTCTAAACTTACACTATCAACTAAACCCAATGTGTAGTCAACAGTTCAAACGGCACCCAACGGACCGCCC
ACCCAATACAAGCATGCTACTTTAATGAATTAATTTTCCTTAGACAGCTAYCCCTCTAGATTTGCACGCA
AAACACCACCA


Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.