Viewing data for Periparus ater


Scientific name Periparus ater
Common name Coal tit
Maximum lifespan 9.50 years (Periparus ater@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16783 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 8121 8662 5684 2437 3762 4900
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 484 516 339 145 224 292
Base content (%) 48.4% 51.6%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11378 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 5677 5701 4197 1480 2494 3207
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 499 501 369 130 219 282
Base content (%) 49.9% 50.1%
D-loop (size: 1195 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 524 671 355 169 361 310
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 438 562 297 141 302 259
Base content (%) 43.8% 56.2%
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1547 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 663 884 398 265 374 510
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 429 571 257 171 242 330
Base content (%) 42.9% 57.1%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2579 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1213 1366 690 523 521 845
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 470 530 268 203 202 328
Base content (%) 47.0% 53.0%
12S rRNA gene (size: 979 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 487 492 280 207 197 295
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 497 503 286 211 201 301
Base content (%) 49.7% 50.3%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1600 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 726 874 410 316 324 550
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 454 546 256 198 203 344
Base content (%) 45.4% 54.6%

ATP6 (size: 684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 351 333 271 80 144 189
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 513 487 396 117 211 276
Base content (%) 51.3% 48.7%
ATP8 (size: 168 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 76 92 67 9 41 51
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 452 548 399 54 244 304
Base content (%) 45.2% 54.8%
COX1 (size: 1551 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 784 767 524 260 349 418
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 505 495 338 168 225 270
Base content (%) 50.5% 49.5%
COX2 (size: 684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 340 344 238 102 148 196
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 497 503 348 149 216 287
Base content (%) 49.7% 50.3%
COX3 (size: 784 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 398 386 274 124 188 198
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 508 492 349 158 240 253
Base content (%) 50.8% 49.2%
CYTB (size: 1143 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 555 588 410 145 274 314
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 486 514 359 127 240 275
Base content (%) 48.6% 51.4%
ND1 (size: 978 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 490 488 355 135 228 260
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 501 499 363 138 233 266
Base content (%) 50.1% 49.9%
ND2 (size: 1040 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 516 524 403 113 220 304
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 496 504 388 109 212 292
Base content (%) 49.6% 50.4%
ND3 (size: 351 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 175 176 123 52 85 91
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 499 501 350 148 242 259
Base content (%) 49.9% 50.1%
ND4 (size: 1378 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 694 684 543 151 296 388
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 504 496 394 110 215 282
Base content (%) 50.4% 49.6%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 154 143 110 44 69 74
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 519 481 370 148 232 249
Base content (%) 51.9% 48.1%
ND5 (size: 1818 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 888 930 673 215 402 528
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 488 512 370 118 221 290
Base content (%) 48.8% 51.2%
ND6 (size: 519 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 261 258 209 52 54 204
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 503 497 403 100 104 393
Base content (%) 50.3% 49.7%

ATP6 (size: 684 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (7.05%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 16 (7.05%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 23 (10.13%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 61 (26.87%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 20 (8.81%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 15 (6.61%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 10 (4.41%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 3 (1.32%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 2 (0.88%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 10 (4.41%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (1.32%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 17 2 0 21 34 6 0 6 2 1 1 4 2 1 9
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 0 0 1 11 3 1 0 5 2 1 0 10 5 0 0
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
10 12 1 1 6 5 0 0 4 0 3 1 0 0 10 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
2 3 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
38 92 68 30
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
21 66 35 106
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
21 113 86 8
ATP8 (size: 168 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLNPNPWFFIMLTSWLTFSLIIQPKLLSFVSTNPPSNKTPSTTTTTPWTWPWT*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 0 (0%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 0 (0%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 6 (10.91%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 11 (20.0%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 6 (10.91%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 9 (16.36%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 0 (0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 0 (0%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
1 2 0 1 2 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 2 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 2 0 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 2 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
1 17 22 16
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
5 26 9 16
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
3 24 20 9
COX1 (size: 1551 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 47 (9.11%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 49 (9.5%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 29 (5.62%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 36 (6.98%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 38 (7.36%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 61 (11.82%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 41 (7.95%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 23 (4.46%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 29 (5.62%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 43 (8.33%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 17 (3.29%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.29%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 15 (2.91%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (1.94%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 15 (2.91%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (1.55%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 19 (3.68%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.74%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 9 (1.74%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
6 35 17 6 18 33 4 0 8 0 4 11 20 3 5 38
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 1 5 29 15 0 2 16 23 6 4 9 16 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
18 12 2 0 16 9 0 0 4 0 17 0 0 0 15 3
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
16 10 0 1 14 9 0 0 2 7 0 0 1 0 0 17
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
159 126 129 103
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
79 139 93 206
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
22 259 196 40
COX2 (size: 684 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 15 (6.61%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 19 (8.37%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 17 (7.49%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (1.32%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 19 (8.37%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 31 (13.66%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.73%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 10 (4.41%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 7 (3.08%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
5 9 7 3 14 11 2 1 6 1 2 13 3 1 0 8
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 0 3 3 10 2 0 2 1 4 1 3 4 6 0 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
8 5 1 1 5 9 0 0 4 1 7 1 0 1 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
8 14 0 1 9 4 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 1 0 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
66 66 55 41
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
27 60 60 81
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
9 112 81 26
COX3 (size: 784 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 19 (7.31%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 24 (9.23%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 20 (7.69%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.38%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 17 (6.54%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 31 (11.92%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 14 (5.38%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 13 (5.0%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 25 (9.62%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (4.23%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.62%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.54%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.08%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 15 (5.77%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.54%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
5 9 5 1 10 13 5 2 7 1 3 7 7 0 4 21
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 0 1 3 16 5 0 2 9 7 1 0 10 3 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
10 9 0 3 4 6 0 0 4 0 11 0 0 2 3 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
13 8 0 0 4 3 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
72 70 55 64
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
41 70 55 95
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
11 134 88 28
CYTB (size: 1143 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 24 (6.32%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 28 (7.37%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (6.32%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 26 (6.84%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (1.05%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 19 (5.0%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 64 (16.84%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 35 (9.21%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 7 (1.84%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 25 (6.58%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 28 (7.37%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 12 (3.16%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (2.89%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 7 (1.84%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 20 (5.26%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (3.16%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.63%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
8 27 3 3 16 41 3 1 7 1 2 12 5 0 6 22
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 1 3 3 16 9 0 3 9 11 1 2 13 9 1 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
12 12 0 4 12 7 0 0 1 2 10 1 0 2 18 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
10 7 0 0 8 10 0 1 3 4 0 0 0 1 0 10
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
86 116 99 80
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
48 102 78 153
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
11 192 137 41
ND1 (size: 978 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 15 (4.62%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 30 (9.23%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 24 (7.38%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 19 (5.85%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.92%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 14 (4.31%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 65 (20.0%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 25 (7.69%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (3.38%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 25 (7.69%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 20 (6.15%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 13 (4.0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 9 (2.77%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.23%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (3.38%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (4.0%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.85%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (0.92%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.15%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.46%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 22 7 5 19 30 5 4 5 1 2 4 8 0 4 16
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 0 3 2 18 10 0 1 7 4 3 1 10 14 0 0
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
11 7 1 1 12 6 0 0 5 1 12 1 2 0 13 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
2 10 1 0 4 6 1 2 3 3 0 0 1 0 0 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
74 101 81 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
41 93 57 135
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
20 161 122 23
ND2 (size: 1040 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 12 (3.48%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 30 (8.7%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 25 (7.25%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 48 (13.91%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 67 (19.42%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 25 (7.25%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 17 (4.93%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.67%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.9%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (2.61%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (2.9%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
4 21 15 4 24 27 8 3 6 3 0 9 4 0 3 10
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 1 1 3 17 10 0 2 6 4 0 2 12 8 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
28 16 1 3 11 6 1 0 4 0 6 2 1 2 11 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
9 4 0 0 3 13 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
62 108 120 56
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
31 122 58 135
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
20 173 125 28
ND3 (size: 1040 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 12 (3.48%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 30 (8.7%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 25 (7.25%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 48 (13.91%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.58%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 67 (19.42%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 25 (7.25%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 17 (4.93%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 23 (6.67%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 6 (1.74%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 10 (2.9%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.16%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (2.61%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (2.9%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 13 (3.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (0.87%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
4 21 15 4 24 27 8 3 6 3 0 9 4 0 3 10
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 1 1 3 17 10 0 2 6 4 0 2 12 8 1 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
28 16 1 3 11 6 1 0 4 0 6 2 1 2 11 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
9 4 0 0 3 13 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
62 108 120 56
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
31 122 58 135
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
20 173 125 28
ND4 (size: 1378 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 18 (3.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 36 (7.86%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 39 (8.52%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 44 (9.61%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.66%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 98 (21.4%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 44 (9.61%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 24 (5.24%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (6.11%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 13 (2.84%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 15 (3.28%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (2.62%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 12 (2.62%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 13 (2.84%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 15 (3.28%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 10 (2.18%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 35 21 7 38 48 4 1 12 1 1 5 4 0 1 12
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 0 3 2 22 11 1 2 11 3 2 2 17 8 1 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
27 13 0 2 14 9 3 1 10 1 14 1 0 1 11 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
14 8 2 0 4 10 0 0 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 11
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
78 164 145 72
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
55 136 79 189
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
18 243 164 34
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 10 (10.2%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 12 (12.24%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 22 (22.45%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 5 (5.1%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
0 3 3 0 3 13 5 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 5
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 0 4 0 8 1 1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0 0 2
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 1 0 1 4 3 0 1 3 0 2 1 0 0 2 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
5 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
19 34 24 22
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
14 28 17 40
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
11 48 33 7
ND5 (size: 1818 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 33 (5.45%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 51 (8.43%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 56 (9.26%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 59 (9.75%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 6 (0.99%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 21 (3.47%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 104 (17.19%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 58 (9.59%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 22 (3.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 31 (5.12%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 35 (5.79%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (2.31%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (1.98%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 8 (1.32%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (1.98%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 25 (4.13%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 17 (2.81%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 13 (2.15%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 20 (3.31%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.32%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
9 49 17 8 29 57 7 2 17 0 0 9 12 0 8 27
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
5 2 4 4 33 14 0 1 14 16 2 1 22 8 0 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
34 19 2 6 27 11 0 1 11 1 13 0 1 2 23 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
12 11 1 0 8 20 0 0 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
125 170 197 114
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
72 185 109 240
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
18 318 222 48
ND6 (size: 519 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 32 (18.6%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 11 (6.4%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 12 (6.98%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 3 (1.74%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 39 (22.67%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 26 (15.12%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 5 (2.91%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 4 (2.33%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 10 (5.81%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 8 (4.65%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (2.33%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (2.33%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 3 (1.74%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (1.74%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 0 (0%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (2.91%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
1 0 1 3 0 2 1 4 0 0 20 0 2 17 8 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 2 0 2 1 2 6 7 1 4 20 2 1 0 1 0
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 1 2 8 1 0 2 0 1 8 0 0 16 3 0 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 2 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 4
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
89 15 13 56
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
44 29 19 81
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
76 8 22 67
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11395 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 225 (5.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 310 (8.17%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 286 (7.53%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 322 (8.48%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 30 (0.79%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 203 (5.35%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 664 (17.49%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 292 (7.69%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 146 (3.85%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 225 (5.93%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 222 (5.85%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 111 (2.92%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 107 (2.82%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 67 (1.77%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 91 (2.4%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 132 (3.48%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 91 (2.4%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 105 (2.77%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 85 (2.24%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 73 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
55 237 101 42 201 326 53 22 81 10 35 72 73 23 44 178
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
45 6 24 30 186 85 9 22 85 80 38 21 118 81 5 27
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
175 110 10 31 118 76 6 3 52 14 97 9 20 14 118 14
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
91 83 8 5 62 81 4 5 25 37 6 1 2 5 2 98
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
896 1116 1035 750
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
493 1088 689 1527
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
250 1839 1340 368

>NC_026223.1 Periparus ater mitochondrion, complete genome
GTCCTCGTAGCTTACAACAAAGCATGACACTGAAGATGTCAAGACGGCTGCCCCACAGCACCCGAGAACA
AAAGACTTAGTCCTAACCTTACTGTTGGTTTTTGCTAGATTTATACATGCAAGTATCCGCACTCCAGTGT
AGATGCCCTGGGCGTCCTAACATTTAGGCCAACAGGAGCGGGTATCAGGCTCACCCTAATTGTAGCCCAA
AACGCCTTGCAATTGCCACACCCCCACGGGTCCACAGCAGTAGTTAATATTAAGCAATGAGTGTAAACTT
GACTTAGTCATAGCAAATCAGGGTCGGTAAATCCTGTGCCAGCCACCGCGGTCATACAGGAGACCCAAAT
TAACTTTACCGACGGCGTAAAGAGTGGTCACATGCTATCCAAGTAACTAAGATTAAAAAGCAACTGAGCT
GTCGTAAGCCCAAGATGCTCATAAGGCCTCTTCCCAAAGAAAATCTTAGACCAACGATCAATTGAAATCC
ACGAAAGCCAGGGCCCAAACTGGGATTAGATACCCCACTATGCCTGGCCCTAAATCTTGATGCTCGATAT
TACCTGAGCATCCGCCTGAGAACTACGAGCACAAACGCTTGAAACTCTAAGGACTTGGCGGTGCCCCAAA
CCCACCTAGAGGAGCCTGTTCTATAACCGATGATCCACGATATACCTTACCATTCCTCGCACAAGACAGC
CTATATACCGCCGTCGCCAGCCCACCCCTCCTGAGGGCTCAACAGTGGACGCAACAGCCCCCCCCCGCTA
ACACGACAGGTCGAGGTATAGCCCATGGAATGGCAGCAATGGGCTACATTTTCTAAAATAGAACACACGG
CAAAGGGGCATGAAACTGCCCCTAGAAGGCGGATTTAGCAGTAAAGTGGGACAATCGAGCCCTCTTTAAG
CCGGCCCTGGGACACGTACATACCGCCCGTCACCCTCCTCAAAAGCGACCCCAACCCCCCCATAAACTAA
TAAGCTACTCAGCCAAAGATGAGGTAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAAGTGTACCGGAAGGTGCACTTAGAACACC
AAGACGTAGCTTTAACCTAAAGCATTCAGCTTACACCTGAAAGATGTCTGTTCGACCCAGATCGTCTTGA
TGCCAAACTCTAGCCCAATCGACATTGACCTGGAATAACAAAGCCACTCCCCACCCTAAACTAAAGCATT
CACTAGTCCCAGTATAGGCGATAGAAAAGACACCACATGGCGCGATAGAGACCACGTACCGTAAGGGAAA
GATGAAATAGTAGTGAAATAACCTAAGCTAAAAACAGCAAAGATCAGCCCTTGTACCTTTTGCATAATGG
TCTAGCAAGAAAAACCAAGCAAAATGAATTTAAGTTTGCCACCCCGAAACCCAAGCGAGCTACTTGCGAG
CAGCTAACATGAGCGAACCCGTCTCTGTTGCAAAAGAGTGGGACGACTTGCTAGTAGAGGTGAAAAGCCA
ATCGAGCCGGGTGATAGCTGGTTGCCTGTGAAACGAATCTTAGTTCACTCTTAATTCTTCTCCAAGGAAA
CCTACGAACCCCAATGAAGCGAATTAAGGGCTATTTAAAGGAGGTACAGCTCCTTTAAAAAAGAATACAA
TCTCTACGAGCGGATAAGTACCCCCCCCAACGATTACTGTGGGCCCTCAAGCAGCCATCAACAAAGAGTG
CGTTAAAGCTCCCCAAATCAAAAATACAAGAACCACACGAATCCCTCCCCACTAACAGGCTAACCTATAT
ACCAATAGGAGAATTAATGCTAGAATGAGTAACCTGGGTCCTCCCTCTACGACGCAAGCTTACATCCGCA
CATTATTAACAAACCACCAAAATACGAAAAATCAAACAAGCAGAGTATTATACATCTTGTTAACCCGACA
GAGGAGCGTCCATTAAGAAAGATTAAAACCTGTAAAAGGAACTAGGCAAACCCAAGGCCCGACTGTTTAC
CAAAAACATAGCCTTCAGCTAACCTAAAACAAGTATTGAAGGTGATGCCTGCCCGGTGACCTGACGTTTA
ACGGCCGCGGTATCCTAACCGTGCAAAGGTAGCGCAATCAATTGTCCCATAAATCGGGACTAGTATGAAT
GGCTAAACGAGGTCTTAACTGTCTCTTACAGGCAATCGGTGAAATTGATCTCCCTGTGCAAAAGCAGGGA
TGCCCCCATAAGACGAGAAGACCCTGTGGAACTTCAAAATCAGCAACCAACCCTAAAAACATACACACCC
ACCCCGGGCTCACCCACCAATAGGGCAACTGGTCTGCATTTTTCGGTTGGGGCGACCTTGGAGTAAAACA
AAACCTCCAAAAATTGGACCATACATCCAGACTGAGAGCAACACCTCAACGTGCTAATAGCACCCAGACC
CAATACAATTGATCAATGAACCAAGCTACCCCAGGGATAACAGCGCAATCTCCTCCAAGAGTCCATATCG
ACGGGGAGGTTTACGACCTCGATGTTGGATCAGGACATCCTAGTGGTGCAGCCGCTACTAAGGGTTCGTT
TGTTCAACGATTAATAGTCCTACGTGATCTGAGTTCAGACCGGAGCAATCCAGGTCGGTTTCTATCTATG
ATGAACTCTTCCCAGTACGAAAGGATAGGAAAAGTAAGGCCAATACTACAAGCAAGCCTTCACCTTAAGT
AATGAAACCAACTTAATTACGAAAGGTTATCACACCCAACCACGTCCTAGAAAAGGACAAGCTAGCGTGG
CAGAGCTCGGCAAATGCAAAAGGCTTAAGTCCTTTAACTCAGAGGTTCAAATCCTCTCCCTAGCTTCCCC
CTATGACCAACCACCCAATCCTCATCAACTTCATCATGGCCCTTTCCTACATCCTCCCCATCCTAATCGC
AGTAGCCTTCTTAACGCTAGTAGAACGCAAAATCCTAGGCTACATACAAGGCCGAAAAGGTCCAAACATT
GTAGGCCCATTCGGGCTACTCCAACCCCTAGCAGACGGCGTAAAACTGTTCATTAAGGAACCAATCCGCC
CATCAACATCTTCCCCAGTTCTCTTCCTCCTCACCCCCGTACTAGCCCTGCTCCTTGCAATCTCAATCTG
AACCCCCCTACCACTGCCATTCTCCCTAGCAGACCTAAACCTCGGCCTACTATTCCTCTTAGCCATGTCA
AGCTTAGCCGTATACTCCATCCTATGATCCGGCTGGGCCTCCAACTCAAAATACGCCCTAATCGGAGCAC
TTCGAGCTGTCGCCCAAACCATCTCCTACGAAGTTACCTTGGCAATCATCCTCCTATCCGTCATCATTCT
CAGCGGAAACTACACCCTAAGCACCCTAGCAACCACCCAAGAACCCCTCTACCTAATCTTCTCCTGCTGA
CCCCTAGCCATAATATGATACATCTCCACACTAGCCGAAACAAACCGTGCCCCATTTGACCTGACAGAAG
GGGAATCAGAACTTGTCTCAGGGTTTAACGTAGAATACGCCGCAGGACCCTTCGCCCTCTTCTTCCTGGC
TGAATACGCCAACATCATGCTCATAAACACACTAACCGCCATCATATTCTTCAACCCAAGCCTATGAAAC
CCTCCACAAGAGCTATTTCCAGTAATACTCGCCACAAAAGTCCTCCTCCTATCCGCAGGATTCCTTTGAA
TCCGCGCCTCCTACCCCCGATTCCGTTATGACCAGCTAATACATTTACTATGAAAAAACTTCCTCCCACT
AACACTAGCCCTATGCTTGTGACACACCAGCCTCCCAATCTGCTTTGCAGGCCTACCCCCCTACCTAAGG
AGGACCCCAAAGGAAATGTGCCTGAGCATCAAGGGTCACTGTGATAAAGTGAACACAGAGGTACACCAAC
CCTCTCATTTCCTACCCTTAGAAAAACAGGAATTGAACCTGCACTAGAGAGATCAAAGCCCTCCATACTT
CCTTTATATTATTTCCTAGTAGGGTCAGCTAAACAAGCTATCGGGCCCATACCCCGAAAATGATGGTTCA
ACCCCTTCCCCTACTAATATGAACCCCCAGGCAAAACTAATTTTCATTATCAGCCTACTCCTGGGCACAA
CCATCACAATCTCCAGCAACCACTGAGTCATAGCCTGAACCGGCCTCGAAATCAACACTCTAGCCATCCT
CCCCTTGATCTCAAAATCCCACCACCCGCGGGCAGTCGAAGCCGCTACTAAATACTTCCTAGTCCAAGCA
ACCGCCTCAACCCTGGTCCTATTTGCCAGCATAACCAACGCATGATCCACCGGACAATGGGACATCACCC
AGCTAACACATCCAGTATCCTGCACAATCCTAACTTCGGCCCTTGCAATTAAACTAGGTCTAGTCCCATT
CCACTTCTGATTCCCCGAAGTCCTCCAAGGCTCTCCCCTCACCACAGGCCTACTCCTATCCACAGCCATA
AAACTCCCCCCAATCGCCCTACTCTTCATAACATCCCCATCACTCAACCCCACCCTACTCACCACCATGG
CCATCCTCTCTGCAGCCCTGGGTGGATGAATAGGCCTAAACCAAACCCAAACCCGAAAAATCCTGGCCTT
TTCTTCCATCTCCCACCTGGGATGAATAACCATCATCCTAACCTACGACCCCAAACTCACCCTATTAAAC
TTCTACCTCTACGCCCTAATCACCACAGCCGTATTCCTAACCCTGAACACCATCAAAGCCTTAAACCTAC
CCACAGTAATAACCATATGGACAAAAACCCCATCACTAAACGCAATACTCCTACTGACGCTCCTCTCATT
AGCAGGCCTCCCCCCTCTTACAGGATTTCTCCCAAAATGACTCATCCTCCAAGAACTAACCAAACAGGAC
ATAGCCCCTACAGCAACAATAATAGCCCTTCTGTCCCTACTAAGCCTATTCTTCTACCTCCGCCTTGCTT
ACTGTGCAACAATCACACTCCCCCCACACACCACAAATCACATAAAACTCTGACACACCAACAAACCAGT
CAATGCTTCAGTAGCCATCCTAGTCACCACCTCCACCATACTCCTACCCATCTCCCCCATAATCCACACC
ATTGTCTAAGAAACTTAGGATTACCCAAACCGAAGGCCTTCAAAGCCTTAAACAAGAGTTAAACCCTCTT
AGTTTCTGCTAAGATCCGCAGGAAACTACCCTGCATCACCTGAATGCAACCCAGGCACTTTAATTAAGCT
AGGACCTTACACCTCACCTCTAGGCAGATGGGCTTCGATCCCATAATACTATAGTTAACAGCTATATGCC
CAAACCAACAGGCCTCTGCCTAAGACCCCGGTACACAATCAATGTACATCAATGAGCTTGCAACTCACTA
TGAACTTCACTACAGGGCCGATAAGAAGAGGAATCAAACCTCTGTAAAAAGGACTACAGCCTAACGCTTA
TACACTCAGCCATCTTACCTGTGACATTCATCAACCGATGACTATTTTCCACCAACCACAAAGACATCGG
CACCCTATACCTAATTTTCGGCGCATGAGCCGGAATGGTAGGAACCGCCCTAAGCCTCCTTATCCGAGCA
GAACTTGGCCAACCTGGCGCCCTCCTGGGAGACGACCAAATCTACAACGTAGTCGTCACAGCCCATGCTT
TCGTAATAATCTTCTTCATAGTTATACCAATCATGATCGGAGGGTTCGGAAACTGACTAGTCCCCCTAAT
AATCGGAGCCCCCGACATAGCCTTCCCCCGAATAAACAACATAAGCTTCTGACTCCTACCCCCCTCCTTC
CTCCTCCTACTAGCCTCCTCCACAGTTGAAGCAGGCGTAGGAACCGGATGAACAGTTTACCCACCCCTAG
CCGGCAACCTAGCCCACGCTGGAGCATCAGTAGACCTTGCCATCTTCTCCCTTCACCTAGCAGGTATCTC
ATCAATCCTAGGGGCAATTAACTTCATCACAACCGCAATCAACATAAAACCACCTGCCCTCTCACAATAC
CAAACCCCTCTGTTCGTCTGATCCGTACTGATCACCGCAGTTCTTCTCCTACTATCCCTCCCAGTCCTCG
CTGCCGGCATCACTATGCTCCTCACCGACCGCAACCTCAACACCACCTTCTTCGACCCAGCAGGAGGAGG
AGATCCAGTGCTCTACCAACACCTATTCTGATTCTTCGGTCACCCAGAAGTCTACATCCTCATCCTCCCA
GGATTTGGAATCATCTCCCACGTAGTAGCCTACTACGCAGGAAAAAAAGAACCATTCGGCTACATAGGAA
TAGTATGAGCTATACTCTCCATCGGATTCCTTGGATTCATCGTCTGAGCCCACCATATGTTCACAGTAGG
AATAGACGTAGACACCCGAGCCTACTTTACATCCGCCACTATAATCATCGCCATCCCCACTGGCATTAAA
GTATTCAGCTGACTAGCCACGCTACACGGAGGGACAATCAAATGAGACCCACCAATGCTCTGAGCCCTAG
GCTTCATCTTCCTATTCACCATTGGAGGACTGACCGGGATCGTCCTAGCAAACTCCTCCCTAGACATTGC
CCTACATGACACCTACTACGTCGTAGCCCACTTCCACTACGTACTATCAATAGGGGCAGTATTCGCAATC
CTAGCAGGCTTCACACACTGATTCCCACTATTCACAGGGTACACCCTCCACTCCACATGAGCCAAAGCCC
ACTTCGGAGTGATATTTGTAGGCGTAAACCTAACCTTCTTCCCACAACACTTCCTAGGCCTAGCTGGCAT
GCCACGACGATACTCAGACTACCCAGACGCCTACACTCTATGAAACACCATCTCCTCAGTAGGCTCACTA
ATCTCCCTAACAGCCGTAATCATACTAGTATTCATCATCTGAGAAGCCTTTGCCTCCAAACGCAAAGCCA
TCCGATCAGAAATAGCAAGCACGAACATTGAATGAATCCACGGCTGCCCTCCCCCATTCCACACCTTCGA
AGAACCCGCCTTCGTCCAAGTCCAAGAAAGGAAGGAGTCGAACCCCCATATGTTGGTTTCAAGCCAACCG
CATATAAACCACTTATGCTTCTTTCTCATTAGAGATGTTAGTAAAATAATTACATAGTCTTGTCAAGACT
ATATTACCGGTGAAAACCCAGTACATCTCAACAACCAAACATGGCCAACCACTCACAACTCGGTTTCCAA
GACGCTTCATCACCTATCATAGAAGAACTCATCCAATTCCACGACCACGCCCTAATGGTCGCCCTCGCCA
TTTGCAGCCTAGTCCTTTACCTCCTAACCCTCATACTTACCGAAAAACTATCATCAAACACCGTCAACGC
ACAAGAAATTGAACTCGTCTGAACGATCCTCCCAGCCATAGTACTAGTTACACTCGCCCTCCCATCCCTG
CGAATTCTGTACATAATAGACGAAATCAACGAACCCAGCCTCACCTTAAAAGCCATCGGTCATCAATGGT
ACTGAACCTACGAATATACCGACTTCAAAGAACTCACATTCGACTCTTACATAGTCCCCACAACAGACCT
ACCACGAGGACACTTCCGCCTACTAGAAGTCGACCACCGCGTCATTGTCCCCACAGAATCAACTATCCGA
GTGATTGTCACTGCCGACGACGTCCTCCACTCATGAGCCGTCCCAAGCCTAGGCGTTAAAACTGATGCAA
TCCCAGGGCGCCTCAATCAAACCTCATTCCTTGCTACCCGACCTGGAGTCTACTACGGACAGTGCTCAGA
AATCTGCGGAGCCAACCACAGCTTCATACCAATCGTAGTAGAATCCGTCCCTCTCGCTAACTTCGAACAC
TGATCCTCCCTACTACCCTCCTAATCATTAAGAAGCTATGGAACAGCACTAGCCTTTTAAGCTAGAGACA
GAGGACCACCAACCCCTCCTTAATGAAATGCCCCAACTAAACCCAAATCCCTGATTTTTTATCATGCTCA
CCTCATGACTTACCTTCTCCCTAATCATTCAACCTAAACTCCTATCATTCGTATCCACCAACCCCCCTTC
CAACAAGACACCCTCAACTACAACCACCACTCCCTGAACCTGACCATGAACCTAAGCTTCTTTGACCAAT
TCTCTAGCCCCTCCCTACTAGGGATCCCCCTAATCCTCATCTCAATGACATTCCCAGCCCTCCTACTACC
CTCCCCCAACAACCGATGAATCACCAACCGACTCTCAACCCTCCAACTATGATTCATCAACCTCATCACA
AAGCAGCTAATGGTCACACTAGACAAAAAAGGACATAAATGGGCCCTCATCCTGACATCACTAATAATTT
TCCTCCTACTAATCAACCTACTAGGCCTACTACCCTACACGTTCACCCCAACCACCCAACTATCCATAAA
CCTAGCCCTGGCTTTCCCCCTGTGACTCGCCACCCTACTAACAGGCCTACGAAACCAGCCCTCCATCTCC
CTAGGCCACCTCCTGCCAGAGGGCACCCCCACACCCCTAATCCCAGCCCTCATTCTAATCGAAACAACCA
GCCTCCTCATCCGCCCCCTCGCGCTAGGAGTACGCCTAACAGCCAACCTCACAGCAGGCCACCTCCTCAT
CCAACTCATCTCCACAGCCACAGTGGCCCTAGCCTCAACAATGCCAGCAATTTCACTCCTGACCCTCCTA
GTTCTCTTCCTACTAACCATCCTGGAAGTGGCAGTAGCCATGATCCAAGCCTACGTATTCGTACTCCTAC
TAAGCCTATACCTACAAGAAAACATCTAACAATGGCTCACCAAGCACACTCTTTCCACATAGTCGACCCA
AGCCCATGACCCATTCTAGGGGCAGCTGCTGCCCTTCTCACCACCTCCGGCCTAACCATGTGATTCCATT
ACAATTCCCCCTACCTCCTAATCACAGGACTACTCTCCACCGCCCTCGTTATATTCCAATGATGACGCGA
CATTGTACGAGAAAGCACATTCCAAGGCCACCACACCCCCACCGTACAAAAAGGCCTACGCTACGGCATG
ATCCTGTTCATCACATCAGAAGCCTTCTTCTTCCTAGGATTCTTTTGAGCATTCTTCCACTCAAGCCTGG
CCCCCACTCCAGAATTAGGTGGCCAGTGACCCCCCGTAGGAATTAAACCCCTAAACCCCATAGAAGTCCC
CCTACTAAACACCGCCATTCTCCTAGCCTCAGGAGTCTCAGTCACATGAGCCCACCACAGCATCACAGAA
GCCAACCGTAAACAAGCCATCCAAGCCCTGACCCTGACAGTCCTCCTGGGTTTCTACTTCACCGCCCTCC
AAGCCATAGAATACTACGAAGCCCCCTTCTCCATCGCCGACGGAGTATACGGCTCTACCTTCTTCGTTGC
CACAGGATTCCACGGCCTCCATGTAATCATCGGCTTTACATTCCTAATAGTCTGCCTCCTACGTCTAATT
AAGTACCACTTTACATCAAATCACCACTTCGGCTTTGAAGCAGCAGCCTGATACTGACACTTCGTAGACG
TCGTTTGATTATTCCTCTACGTATCTATCTACTGATGAGGATCATACTCTTCTAGTATACTAATTACAAT
CGACTTCCAATCCTTAGAATCTGGTTAAACCCAGAGAAGAGTAATGAACATAATCCTATTCATAATCGCC
CTATCCTTAACCCTAAGCATCGCCCTGACCACACTAAACTTCTGACTCGCCCAAATAACCCCGGACTCAG
AGAAACTATCCCCATACGAATGCGGCTTTGACCCCCTAGGCTCTGCTCGACTTCCCTTCTCAATCCGATT
TTTCTTAGTAGCAATCCTGTTCCTCCTATTCGACCTAGAAATCGCTCTATTACTCCCCCTCCCATGAGCA
ACTCAACTCGGAGACCCCATTAACACCCTAGCCTGAGCCTCCACCCTAATCCTCCTCCTGACCCTAGGCC
TAATCTACGAATGAACTCAAGGGGGCCTAGAATGGGCAGAGTAGACAGAAAGTTAGTCTAACCAAGACAG
TTGATTTCGGCTCAACAAATTATAGTCACCACCCTATAACTTTCTTCATGACCCTGCTGCACCTATGCTT
CTACTCAGCCTTCACCCTAAGTAGCCTAGGCCTGGCCTTCCACCGAACCCATCTAATCTCTGCCTTACTA
TGCCTAGAAAGCATAATACTATCCATGTACGTCGCCCTGGCCATATGGCCTATCCAAATGCAAGCACCCT
CATCCACCCTCCTACCTATCCTAATGCTAGTATTCTCCGCCTGCGAAGCGAGCACAGGACTGGCCCTACT
AGTAGCCTCCACTCGAACTCACGGCTCAGACCACCTCCACAACTTCAACCTCCTAAAATGCTAAAAATCA
TCATCCCAACCATTATACTCCTCCCCCTCACCTTCCTCTCCCCCCACAAACATCTATGAACCAACACCAC
AACATACAGCCTACTAATCGCAACCGTCAGCCTACAGTGACTCACCCCAACTTACTACCCCGGCAAAGGA
CTAACACCCTGAACCTCCATTGACCAAATCTCCACACCTCTGCTAGTCCTATCTTGCTGACTACTTCCCC
TCATAATCATAGCAAGCCAAAACCACCTAGAACAAGAGCCCATCACCCGCAAACGAATCTTTCTCTCAAC
ATTAATCCTAGTTCAACCATTCATCCTCCTAGCCTTCTCAGCTTCAGAACTAATACTATTCTACATTGCA
TTCGAAGCCACCCTAATCCCCACCCTCATCCTAATCACTCGCTGGGGGAGCCAACCAGAGCGCCTAAACG
CTGGCATCTACCTCCTATTCTACACCCTAGCCAGCTCCCTCCCCCTACTCATTGCCATCCTACACCTTCA
CAACCAAGTAGGCACACTATACTTCCCCATACTCAAACTCTACCACCCACCGGCAGCCGACTCCTGAACA
AGCCTAATATCAAGTCTAGCCCTCCTCCTAGCCTTCATGGTCAAAGCACCTCTCTACGGCCTCCACCTAT
GACTCCCCAAAGCCCACGTAGAAGCCCCAATTGCCGGCTCCATACTACTCGCCGCCCTACTTCTAAAACT
AGGTGGCTACGGCATTATACGAATCACTCTCCTAATCGACCTCTCATCAAGCAACCTGCACTACCCATTC
ATTACCCTAGCCCTTTGAGGCGCACTAATAACCAGCGCCATCTGCCTACGCCAAATCGACCTAAAATCGC
TAATCGCCTACTCATCTGTCAGCCACATAGGCCTAGTCGTAGCCGCAACCATAATCCAAACTCAATGAGC
GTTCTCAGGTGCAATAATCCTGATAATCTCCCACGGACTAACCTCCTCGATACTCTTCTGCCTAGCCAAC
ACCAACTATGAACGCACCCACAGCCGCATCCTCCTACTTACACGAGGCCTCCAACCCCTCCTCCCCCTCA
TAGCCACCTGATGACTCCTGGCCAACCTAACAAACATAGCAATCCCACCCACAACCAACCTCATAGCAGA
ACTCACCATCATCATCGCCCTATTCAATTGATCCTCACTTACAATCCTCCTAACAGGGACCGCAATCCTA
CTAACCGCCTCCTACACCCTCTACATGCTTATAACAACCCAACGAGGAACCCTACCCTCCCACATCACCT
CCATCCAAAACTCCTCCACCCGAGAACACCTACTCATAGCCCTACACATAATCCCCATAATCCTCCTCAT
CCTCAAACCCGAACTCATTTCGGGCATTCCCGTATGCAGGTATAGTTTTAATCCAAAACATTAGACTGTG
ATCCTAAAAATAGAAGTTAAACTCTTCTTACCCGCCGAGGGGATGGCCAACCAACAAGAACTGCTAACTC
TTGCACCTGAGTCTAAACCCTCAGTCCCCTTAACTTTCAAAGGATAATAGCAATCCAATGGTCTTAGGAA
CCACCCATCTTGGTGCAAATCCAAGTGAAAGTAATGGACCTTCTGCTAGTCCTTAACCTATCCGTCCTAC
TCACCCTAGCAACTCTCTCCACCCCCATCATCTTCCCCCTCCTGTCAGAAAACCTCAAAAACACCCCAGC
CATCATCACTAGCACAGTAAAAACCTCCTTCCTAATCAGCCTAATCCCCATAACAATCCACATCTACTCA
GGGACAGAAAGCCTAACCTCCTTCTGAGAATGAAAATTCATCATAAACTTCAAAATCCCCATCAGCCTAA
AAATAGACCTCTACTCTCTCACATTCTTCCCCATCGCCCTATTTGTATCATGATCCATCCTACAATTTGC
AACATGATACATAGCCTCCGACCCCTACATTACAAAATTCTTCACCTACCTACTATTTTTCCTAATCGCC
ATACTAATCCTAATCATCGCCAACAACCTATTCATCCTGTTCATCGGCTGAGAGGGGGTCGGAATCATGT
CCTTCCTTCTAATTAGCTGATGACACGGCCGAGCAGAAGCCAACACCGCCGCCCTCCAAGCCGTACTCTA
CAACCGAGTCGGAGACGTAGGACTCATCCTCTGCATAGCATGACTAGCCTCCACCATAAACACATGAGAA
ATCCACCAACTCTCCTCCCCCTCCCAAACCCCAACACTCCCCTTACTAGGCCTCATTCTAGCTGCAGCAG
GCAAATCAGCCCAATTTGGCCTACACCCATGACTCCCAGCTGCCATAGAAGGCCCCACCCCTGTCTCCGC
CCTACTACACTCCAGCACGATAGTAGTAGCCGGAATCTTCCTACTTATCCGAACCCACCCCCTATTTAGC
AACAACCAAACCGCCCTCACCTTGTGCCTATGTCTAGGAGCCATCTCCACCCTATTTGCAGCCACATGTG
CTCTAACCCAAAATGACATCAAAAAAATCATTGCCTTCTCCACCTCTAGTCAACTAGGACTAATAATAGT
CACAATCGGCCTAAACCTCCCCCAACTAGCCTTCCTTCATATTTCAACCCACGCATTCTTCAAAGCCATG
CTCTTTCTATGCTCCGGCTCCATCATCCACAGCCTAAACGGTGAACAAGACATCCGAAAAATAGGAGGCC
TCCAAAACATACTACCAACAACTACCTCCTGCCTAACCATCGGAAACCTCGCCCTGATAGGAACCCCCTT
CCTTGCAGGATTTTACTCAAAAGACCAAATTATCGAAAGCCTAAGCACTTCATACCTAAACTCCTGAGCC
CTCATCCTCACCCTACTAGCTACATCCTTCACCGCAGTATACACAATCCGCATAACCGTCCTAGTCCAAT
CCGGCTTCGCCCGAATCCCCCCCCTAGTCCCAATCAACGAAAACAACCCCGCCGTAACCTCTCCCATCAC
CCGCCTCGCAGTAGGAAGCATCACAGCCGGATTCCTCATTACCTCCTATATCCTCCCCCCAAAAACACCC
CCCATAACCATGCCCCTATCTATCAAAATCACAGCCCTAGTAGTAACCGCCCTAGGAATTATCCTCGCCC
TAGAACTCTCAAAAGTAGCCCAAACCCTGATCCTAACAAAACAAACCCCCCTTTCAAACTTCTCCGCATC
CCTAGGATACTTCAACCCCCTAATGCACCGCTTCAACATAACCCACTCTCTAAAAGGAGGCCAAAACATT
GCCTCACACCTAATCGACCTCTCATGATACAAACTACTAGGCCCAGAAGGACTGGCAAATCTACAAACGC
TAACAGCCAAAACCGCAACCACCTTCCACTCCGGCTTAATCAAAGCCTACCTGGGCTCCTTCGCCCTATC
TATCCTCATCCTCCTTATCTCCACATACAGAACAACCAACACCCCAATGGCTCCCAACCTACGTAAAAAC
CACCCCCTACTAAAAATCATCAACGACTCTCTAATTGACCTACCCACTCCGTCCAACATTTCCGCCTGAT
GGAACTTCGGATCACTCCTAGGCATCTGCCTAATCACCCAAATCATTACAGGCCTACTCCTGGCCATGCA
CTACACAGCAGACACCTCCCTAGCCTTCACCTCCGTAGCCCACACATGCCGAAATGTCCAATTTGGCTGA
CTTATCCGAAACCTCCACGCAAATGGAGCCTCCTTCTTCTTCATCTGCATCTACTTTCACATCGGCCGAG
GAATTTACTATGGCTCATACCTGAACAAAGAAACCTGAAACATCGGAGTCATTCTACTCCTAGCCCTCAT
AGCAACCGCCTTCGTAGGGTATGTCCTACCCTGAGGACAAATATCATTCTGAGGTGCTACAGTAATTACA
AACCTATTCTCAGCAATCCCATACATCGGTCAAACACTAGTCGAATGAGCCTGAGGTGGCTTCTCAGTAG
ACAACCCAACACTAACCCGATTTTTCGCCCTCCACTTCCTCCTGCCCTTCGTCATCGCAGGCCTTACACT
AGTCCATCTCACCTTCCTCCACGAAACAGGATCCAACAACCCCCTAGGAATCCCCTCAGACTGTGACAAA
ATCCCATTCCACCCCTACTACTCTACAAAAGACATCCTAGGCTTCGCACTAATGCTCATTCTACTCGTCA
CCCTAGCCCTATTCTCCCCCAACCTCCTAGGAGACCCAGAAAACTTCACCCCAGCAAACCCCCTATCCAC
CCCACCACACATCAAACCTGAATGATACTTCCTATTTGCATACGCCATCCTACGCTCCATCCCAAACAAA
CTAGGAGGAGTCCTAGCCCTAGCCGCCTCCGTCCTAGTCCTATTCTTAATGCCCCTACTCCATACATCTA
AACAGCGCTCAATAACCTTCCGCCCTCTATCTCAAATCCTATTTTGAACCCTAGTCGCCAACGTTCTCGT
CCTAACTTGAGTAGGAAGCCAACCAGTTGAACACCCCTTTATCATCATCGGCCAACTAGCCTCCCTATCC
TACTTCACAATCATCCTAATCCTATTCCCCCTTGCAGCTATCCTAGAAAACAAAATTCTCAAACTCTAAC
TAACTCTAATAGTTTATAAAAACATTGGTCTTGTAAGCCAAAGATTGAAGACTACACATCTTCTTAGAGT
TACACCTGCTCTCAAAAGGGAAGGAATCAAACCTCCGCCACCAACTCCCAAAGCTGGCATTCTTAATTAA
ACTACCTTCTGACCCCCCTAAACAGCCCGAATCGCCCCCCGAGATAACCCCCGTACAAGTTCCAGAACCA
CAAACAATGTTAACAACAACCCTCACCCCCCCACCAAAAAAAACCCAACCCCCCGCGAATAAAACCCAGC
CACCCCAACATAATCCGACCGCACAGACGTTAGACCCACATTATTAACAACCCCCACATCCACCAACCCT
TCAAACGCCCCTCCCAAAACAACACCCACCCCAACCACTAGGCCCATACCAACACCATACCCAACAACAC
CTCAATCACCTCAGGCCTCCGGATAAGGGTCCGCTGCCAAAGACACAGAATAAACAAACACCACCAACAT
TCCCCCCAAATACACCATAACCAACACCAAAGAAACGAAAGACACCCCCAAGCTCACTAATCAACCACAT
CCTGCAACAGACGCCAAAACCAACCCCACTACCCCATAATAGGGGGAAGGATTAGACGCAACCGCCAACC
CCCCTAAAACAAAACAAAGTCCAAGGAACAAAACAAACGTTATCATAAATTCTCGCCCGGACTCTCTCCA
GGATCTGCGGCCTGAAAAGCCGCCGTTATAAAAATTTAACTACGAAACCTAGTATACACCCCCCCCCCTT
CCCCCCCCAGCATGTTTTTTCATGCTTTACAGGGTATGTATGTCTTTGCATACAATTATTTACCACATCA
GACATTAGTGTAATGTAGGATAATCCAAATCACATGCAACTTCATTTCCACCCCAACTCAAACATTTACG
CCCAAGAGATAATGTTCGGACGGTTCCACTTCTAGGCACATTCTTGTTTCAGGTACCATTTAGCCCAACT
GATCCTACCTCAGGCCCAAGGGACGCAAGCGTTACTTGAGATCGAAACTTTGCCTCGTACAATTCAAACT
CTAGCCTCGTATACGGATAATGTCCCAGTACCTCTTTGCATTCACGAAGTCCATAGCACCTAGCCCACCT
CCTAAAAACCAATGCTTCACCTACGACTTTCAGGAGCTCCCAAGCCAGAGAACCTGGTTATTTATTGATC
GTACTTCTCACGAGAACCGAGCTACCCCGTGTAAGTGCTACCTTAGGTTATTGGCTTCAAGGACTTAACT
TCCCCCTAAACCCCGAGTACGACTTGCTCTTTTGCGCTATTGGTTGTAACTTCAGGACCATGACCTGTTT
AACTCCTTCTTCCTTGCTCTTCACAGATACAAGTGGTCGGTTGAATACTCCTCATCTCTCTCTCGTTGTT
TTAGGCATCCGACCGTCTCTTCACTTCTTTTTTTCTGGGGGGATCTTCAATAAACCCTTCCAGTGCGTAG
CAGGAGTTATCTTCCTCTTGACATGTCCATCACATGACCGGCGAACTGTCGTTCCCCTACCACTCAGAAT
GTCATGGTCTCATTGGATAAGGTCGGCTCCTAATTCAACCCTGATGCACTTTGCCCACATTCGTTAAACC
CGCGCTATTTACCGTCTGGGTAACTAGTTAACTGTATGGACACCGGACATGCTAACTTTTTTATCGCTTT
CTTGGAACTTCCATCTAAACCCCCATTTTTGCCATCTTTTTTTTTTATCATGTCATTTTTATTTTTTAAT
CAAAATTTCATTAAATATTCAGCTCTAAACGCCTACATTAATCAAACACCCATCATTTATCATTTCATAC
ACAACATTCCTCTGCTTTTCCCCCGCAAACAAACAACCATTCACACCATCCATCCAACCTTAACCGATCA
CAAAAATCAAACAAAAACAAAGACCACCCCCCCCACCACCTAAACCCGCAACT


Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.