Viewing data for Engraulis japonicus


Scientific name Engraulis japonicus
Common name Japanese anchovy
Maximum lifespan 3.00 years (Engraulis japonicus@AnAge)

Total mtDNA (size: 16675 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 7655 9020 4582 3073 4478 4542
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 459 541 275 184 269 272
Base content (%) 45.9% 54.1%
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11400 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 5251 6149 3247 2004 3228 2921
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 461 539 285 176 283 256
Base content (%) 46.1% 53.9%
D-loop (size: 1024 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 408 616 241 167 315 301
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 398 602 235 163 308 294
Base content (%) 39.8% 60.2%
Total tRNA-coding genes (size: 1547 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 717 830 399 318 371 459
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 463 537 258 206 240 297
Base content (%) 46.3% 53.7%
Total rRNA-coding genes (size: 2647 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 1248 1399 676 572 550 849
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 471 529 255 216 208 321
Base content (%) 47.1% 52.9%
12S rRNA gene (size: 950 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 476 474 260 216 192 282
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 501 499 274 227 202 297
Base content (%) 50.1% 49.9%
16S rRNA gene (size: 1697 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 772 925 416 356 358 567
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 455 545 245 210 211 334
Base content (%) 45.5% 54.5%

ATP6 (size: 684 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 301 383 193 108 216 167
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 440 560 282 158 316 244
Base content (%) 44.0% 56.0%
ATP8 (size: 168 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 67 101 45 22 51 50
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 399 601 268 131 304 298
Base content (%) 39.9% 60.1%
COX1 (size: 1545 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 698 847 402 296 454 393
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 452 548 260 192 294 254
Base content (%) 45.2% 54.8%
COX2 (size: 691 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 300 391 175 125 196 195
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 434 566 253 181 284 282
Base content (%) 43.4% 56.6%
COX3 (size: 786 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 372 414 220 152 228 186
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 473 527 280 193 290 237
Base content (%) 47.3% 52.7%
CYTB (size: 1141 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 512 629 314 198 348 281
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 449 551 275 174 305 246
Base content (%) 44.9% 55.1%
ND1 (size: 975 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 459 516 283 176 281 235
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 471 529 290 181 288 241
Base content (%) 47.1% 52.9%
ND2 (size: 1047 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 504 543 333 171 283 260
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 481 519 318 163 270 248
Base content (%) 48.1% 51.9%
ND3 (size: 349 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 166 183 100 66 105 78
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 476 524 287 189 301 223
Base content (%) 47.6% 52.4%
ND4 (size: 1381 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 646 735 408 238 388 347
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 468 532 295 172 281 251
Base content (%) 46.8% 53.2%
ND4L (size: 297 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 136 161 82 54 84 77
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 458 542 276 182 283 259
Base content (%) 45.8% 54.2%
ND5 (size: 1836 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 843 993 529 314 514 479
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 459 541 288 171 280 261
Base content (%) 45.9% 54.1%
ND6 (size: 522 bases) GC AT G C A T
Base content (bases) 253 269 166 87 86 183
Base content per 1 kb (bases) 485 515 318 167 165 351
Base content (%) 48.5% 51.5%

ATP6 (size: 684 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 12 (5.29%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 19 (8.37%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 8 (3.52%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 20 (8.81%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 16 (7.05%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 47 (20.7%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 21 (9.25%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 18 (7.93%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 14 (6.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.2%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.76%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 10 (4.41%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 9 (3.96%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 3 (1.32%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.44%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.64%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
17 4 3 16 6 11 8 5 8 1 7 4 3 2 7 7
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
6 0 0 3 4 10 2 2 4 4 2 7 3 5 3 7
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
6 6 1 1 2 0 0 0 5 3 1 0 1 3 7 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
2 3 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
52 77 66 33
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
28 60 33 107
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
28 56 68 76
ATP8 (size: 168 bases)
Amino acid sequence: MPQLNPAPWFFILILSWLTFLIILPPKVLAHEFTNEPTVMGAEKPKPESWNWPWY*
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 7 (12.73%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 2 (3.64%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 9 (16.36%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (9.09%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 0 (0%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (7.27%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (1.82%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 3 (5.45%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 0 (0%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
3 1 0 2 1 0 0 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 1
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
2 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 2 2 0 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 3 0
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
1 2 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
10 14 15 17
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
6 17 14 19
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
6 14 21 15
COX1 (size: 1545 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 47 (9.14%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 49 (9.53%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 26 (5.06%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 36 (7.0%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 1 (0.19%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 42 (8.17%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 62 (12.06%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 41 (7.98%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 23 (4.47%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (5.45%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 42 (8.17%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 18 (3.5%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 17 (3.31%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 14 (2.72%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (2.14%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 14 (2.72%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 7 (1.36%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 19 (3.7%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (1.56%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
25 16 2 22 8 22 3 5 6 1 11 8 20 3 14 28
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
21 0 1 10 13 23 3 11 4 17 15 11 9 7 1 9
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
7 19 1 6 4 11 0 0 5 6 12 0 2 8 6 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
18 9 2 2 12 7 2 1 0 6 1 0 0 1 0 17
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
163 117 128 107
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
78 134 93 210
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
55 151 172 137
COX2 (size: 691 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 16 (6.99%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 15 (6.55%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 10 (4.37%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 23 (10.04%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 26 (11.35%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 20 (8.73%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 12 (5.24%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 14 (6.11%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (3.93%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 13 (5.68%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 15 (6.55%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 5 (2.18%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.49%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 10 (4.37%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 4 (1.75%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 6 (2.62%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
11 9 5 6 7 5 1 6 7 1 5 6 9 3 3 5
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
7 1 1 6 4 5 1 1 1 4 3 7 3 2 2 4
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
2 3 1 4 2 6 0 2 1 2 7 0 1 2 3 4
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 13 2 4 9 3 1 1 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 5
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
76 57 54 43
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
25 52 64 89
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
24 66 77 63
COX3 (size: 786 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 23 (8.81%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 22 (8.43%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 13 (4.98%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 26 (9.96%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 19 (7.28%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 30 (11.49%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 12 (4.6%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 6 (2.3%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 12 (4.6%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 26 (9.96%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 11 (4.21%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 12 (4.6%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 9 (3.45%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 8 (3.07%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 16 (6.13%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 2 (0.77%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 5 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
7 5 2 7 3 8 5 5 6 2 6 6 7 0 9 17
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
4 0 2 3 9 7 3 4 7 10 2 7 3 0 2 6
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 13 3 6 2 3 0 0 2 1 10 0 2 2 0 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
11 6 3 1 4 1 1 1 0 1 3 0 0 1 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
78 64 50 70
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
44 71 54 93
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
30 85 82 65
CYTB (size: 1141 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 26 (6.86%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 34 (8.97%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 22 (5.8%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 22 (5.8%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.79%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 29 (7.65%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 56 (14.78%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 29 (7.65%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 11 (2.9%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 21 (5.54%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 30 (7.92%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (3.69%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 13 (3.43%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 11 (2.9%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 6 (1.58%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 19 (5.01%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.58%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (3.17%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.11%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
20 9 2 16 8 14 5 10 6 0 7 8 11 3 6 24
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
9 1 2 7 11 14 2 6 1 14 5 5 6 8 2 8
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
9 4 1 9 4 3 5 0 1 3 11 0 3 6 13 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
10 4 2 2 9 5 3 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 13
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
106 90 90 94
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
51 98 76 155
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
41 126 115 98
ND1 (size: 975 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 17 (5.25%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 37 (11.42%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 20 (6.17%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 25 (7.72%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 0 (0%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 22 (6.79%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 62 (19.14%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 19 (5.86%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 10 (3.09%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 24 (7.41%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 19 (5.86%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (3.09%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (1.23%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 11 (3.4%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 11 (3.4%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 6 (1.85%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 4 (1.23%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 7 (2.16%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 8 (2.47%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
15 4 2 13 9 18 11 10 6 0 6 1 9 6 7 12
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
8 0 0 7 14 13 3 2 7 6 2 8 8 6 2 5
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
10 9 1 5 7 3 0 2 3 6 4 1 1 6 5 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 4 7 2 2 6 1 0 0 4 4 0 0 1 0 7
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
91 93 77 64
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
38 101 54 132
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
47 89 104 85
ND2 (size: 1047 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 16 (4.6%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 43 (12.36%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 22 (6.32%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 48 (13.79%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.86%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (2.3%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 70 (20.11%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 27 (7.76%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 17 (4.89%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 17 (4.89%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 7 (2.01%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (3.16%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.15%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 15 (4.31%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 8 (2.3%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.15%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
16 11 7 23 10 9 10 14 10 5 1 2 5 0 3 6
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
10 1 2 13 14 10 6 0 8 7 1 3 10 2 2 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
25 8 4 6 2 6 3 2 3 3 4 3 4 1 8 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 1 3 0 1 2 7 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
72 96 115 66
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
39 125 54 131
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
60 112 91 86
ND3 (size: 1047 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 16 (4.6%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 43 (12.36%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 22 (6.32%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 48 (13.79%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (0.86%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 8 (2.3%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 70 (20.11%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 27 (7.76%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 17 (4.89%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 17 (4.89%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 7 (2.01%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 11 (3.16%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (0.29%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 4 (1.15%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 15 (4.31%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 8 (2.3%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (2.59%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 4 (1.15%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
16 11 7 23 10 9 10 14 10 5 1 2 5 0 3 6
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
10 1 2 13 14 10 6 0 8 7 1 3 10 2 2 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
25 8 4 6 2 6 3 2 3 3 4 3 4 1 8 2
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
6 1 3 0 1 2 7 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 8
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
72 96 115 66
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
39 125 54 131
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
60 112 91 86
ND4 (size: 1381 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 26 (5.66%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 41 (8.93%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 32 (6.97%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 45 (9.8%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 17 (3.7%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 84 (18.3%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 36 (7.84%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 25 (5.45%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (6.1%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 17 (3.7%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 14 (3.05%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 19 (4.14%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 4 (0.87%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 13 (2.83%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 12 (2.61%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 9 (1.96%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 11 (2.4%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
17 19 10 25 15 17 11 12 9 4 6 4 6 1 6 11
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
15 2 2 9 16 14 2 5 5 10 6 11 7 8 2 11
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
15 15 4 7 7 9 0 1 8 4 10 7 4 4 7 5
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
7 7 5 1 3 5 4 1 3 3 4 0 0 0 0 12
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
100 132 135 93
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
69 137 75 179
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
69 139 137 115
ND4L (size: 297 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 13 (13.27%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 8 (8.16%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 10 (10.2%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 21 (21.43%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 6 (6.12%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 7 (7.14%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 0 (0%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 1 (1.02%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 2 (2.04%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 4 (4.08%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 0 (0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (3.06%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
2 0 3 5 3 6 2 2 3 0 0 0 2 0 5 2
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 1 2 2 1 7 3 0 2 3 1 1 0 1 1 1
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
4 5 0 1 0 4 1 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 1 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
3 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
24 29 23 23
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
15 32 14 38
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
15 21 40 23
ND5 (size: 1836 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 32 (5.24%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 56 (9.17%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 43 (7.04%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 66 (10.8%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 6 (0.98%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 35 (5.73%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 86 (14.08%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 52 (8.51%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 29 (4.75%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 28 (4.58%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 40 (6.55%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 9 (1.47%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 14 (2.29%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 13 (2.13%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 12 (1.96%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 25 (4.09%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 21 (3.44%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 14 (2.29%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 21 (3.44%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 9 (1.47%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
27 25 11 20 19 17 16 10 13 8 10 8 12 5 20 20
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
18 0 6 17 16 21 2 2 10 11 9 14 7 7 0 14
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
27 15 10 13 8 7 4 4 7 4 5 3 4 6 19 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
13 7 5 3 10 13 8 1 3 4 1 0 0 0 1 11
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
148 144 204 116
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
72 182 116 242
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
94 203 159 156
ND6 (size: 522 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 21 (12.14%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 22 (12.72%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 11 (6.36%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 3 (1.73%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 26 (15.03%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 30 (17.34%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 5 (2.89%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 10 (5.78%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 10 (5.78%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 4 (2.31%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 3 (1.73%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 7 (4.05%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 2 (1.16%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 0 (0%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 1 (0.58%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 3 (1.73%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
2 3 1 3 2 2 6 10 0 0 6 3 6 11 7 3
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
3 4 1 6 6 6 4 3 1 8 9 1 2 2 0 3
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
0 0 0 4 1 0 3 3 0 6 4 1 7 2 0 1
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
0 2 5 2 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 3
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
79 22 18 55
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
36 38 25 75
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
51 27 43 53
Total protein-coding genes (size: 11422 bases)
Amino acid sequence:
Amino acid frequencies:
Glycine (Gly, G)
n = 243 (6.39%)
Alanine (Ala, A)
n = 365 (9.59%)
Serine (Ser, S)
n = 227 (5.97%)
Threonine (Thr, T)
n = 321 (8.44%)
Cysteine (Cys, C)
n = 30 (0.79%)
Valine (Val, V)
n = 247 (6.49%)
Leucine (Leu, L)
n = 609 (16.01%)
Isoleucine (Ile, I)
n = 275 (7.23%)
Methionine (Met, M)
n = 158 (4.15%)
Proline (Pro, P)
n = 215 (5.65%)
Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
n = 233 (6.12%)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
n = 109 (2.86%)
Tryptophan (Trp, W)
n = 119 (3.13%)
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
n = 73 (1.92%)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
n = 104 (2.73%)
Asparagine (Asn, N)
n = 116 (3.05%)
Glutamine (Gln, Q)
n = 100 (2.63%)
Histidine (His, H)
n = 104 (2.73%)
Lysine (Lys, K)
n = 76 (2.0%)
Arginine (Arg, R)
n = 73 (1.92%)
Codon statistics:
AUU AUC AUA CUU CUC CUA CUG UUA CAA CAG GUU GUC GUA GUG UUU UUC
165 110 48 166 98 133 80 97 76 24 68 51 92 36 94 139
AUG UGU UGC GCU GCC GCA GCG GGU GGC GGA GGG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU
110 10 20 84 115 134 32 36 53 97 57 82 63 53 17 82
ACC ACA ACG UCU UCC UCA UCG AGU AGC UAU UAC UGG UUG AAU AAC CAU
111 102 26 63 42 54 17 15 36 38 71 16 35 43 73 24
CAC GAA GAG GAU GAC AAA AAG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG UAA UAG UGA
80 65 39 19 54 46 30 8 9 40 16 0 0 6 3 103
Codons with 1st base G Codons with 1st base C Codons with 1st base A Codons with 1st base U
1032 969 997 808
Codons with 2nd base G Codons with 2nd base C Codons with 2nd base A Codons with 2nd base U
516 1077 691 1522
Codons with 3rd base G Codons with 3rd base C Codons with 3rd base A Codons with 3rd base U
538 1125 1146 997

>NC_003097.1 Engraulis japonicus mitochondrion, complete genome
GCTCACGTAGCTTAAATCAAAGCATAGCACTGAAGATGCTAAGATGAACCCTGAAAAGTTCCGTAAGCAC
AAAGGTTTGGTCCTAGCCTTACTATCAGCTTTAGCTCAAATTACACATGCAAGTCTCCGCAGTCCCGTGA
GGATGCCCCCAACTTCCCACCCGGAAATAGGGAGCCGGCATCAGGCACAATTATGTAGCCCAAAACGCCT
TGCTCAGCCACACCCCCAAGGGAATTCAGCAGTGATAAACATTAAGCCATAAGCGAAAGCTTGACTTAGT
CCGAGCTAAGAGGGCCGGTAAAACTCGTGCCAGCCACCGCGGTTATACGAGAGACCCTAGTTGATTGAAG
CGGCGTAAAGAGTGGTTATGGAATTTTCTACCCTAAAGCAGAAAACCTCTCAAACTGTTATACGCACCCA
GAGGTTGAAACCCCTTACACGAAAGTGACTTTATTTTCGCCTACCAGAAGCCACGAAAGCTGGGACACAA
ACTGGGATTAGATACCCCACTATGCCTAGCCGTAAACTTTAATGCTAATGTACAACTAGCATCCGCCAGG
GAACTACGAGCACCAGCTTAAAACCCAAAGGACTTGGCGGTGCCTCAGACCCCCCTAGAGGAGCCTGTTC
TAGAACCGATAACCCCCGTTCAACCTCACCACTCCTTGCCCTTTCCGCCTATATACCACCGTCGCCAGCT
TACCCTGTGAAGGAAAAGTAAGCGAAATGGAGACTCTCCAAAACGTCAGGTCGAGGTGTAGCACACGGAG
TGGGAAGAAATGGGCTACATTGCCTGACTTAGGCTACCAACGGAAAGTCGCCTGAAAAGACTATTTGAAG
GTGGATTTAGCAGTAAGAGGGGAATAGAGTGCCCCTTTGAAGCCGGCTCTGAGGCGCGCACACACCGCCC
GTCACTCTCCCCAACAACCCTAATTCACGAGTAATTTAACCCTACACATGTAAAAAGGGGAGGCAAGTCG
TAACATGGTAAGTGTACCGGAAGGTGCACTTGGAATAACTAGGGCGTGGCCGAGATAGTCAGGCAACTCT
CTTACACTGAGTCCACATCCATGCAAGTTGGATCGTCCTAAGCCACAAAGCTAGCTCTAACCATATAGCA
AAATTAATAATCTAATTACCTACTTAACAATAAAAAAATAGAAACCAAATCATTTGACCTTCCCAGTATG
GGCGACAGAAAAGAATTCCCAGAAGCAATAGAAAAAGTACCGCAAGGGAAAGCTGAAAGAGAAATGAAAT
AACCCATTAAAGCACAGAGAAGCAGAGATCACCTCTCGTACCTTTTGCATCATGATTCAGCAAGTTAACT
CAAGCAAAGAGCACTCTAGTTTGCACCCCCGAAACTTGACGAGCTACTCCGAGACAGCCAACTATGGGCC
AACCCGTCTCTGTGGCAAAAGAGTGGGAAGATCTCCGAGTAGAGGCAAAAAACCTACCGAGCCAAGTTAT
AGCTGGTTGCCCAATAAATGAATACAAGTTCAGCCCTGCCTAGCCCGACTCACACCAGTTTTACGAAAAA
AGACAAAGAGCTCACTCGCAGGAGTTAATCAGAGGAGGTACAGCTCCCCTGATACAGGATACAACCTTTT
TAGGAGACAAAAGAATATTGCCAAACAAGGCCTTGGGTCTCAGTGGGCCTGAAAGCAGCCATCTGATCTG
AAAGCGTTAAAGCTCCGGCCAAAAGAAAGCCTTTTATTTAATCTTAATATCTGCTCCCCTAAACCTTATT
GGGCCTCTCCATGCACCCATGGAAGAGACTATGCTGGAACGAGTAACAAGAAGAATGAACTTCTCCACGC
ACAAGTGTATGTCAAATTGGACCAACCATCGACAATCAACGAACCCAACAAAAGAGGGCCCTACACACCC
GCCACCTCTGACCAAGAAAACTATGTTCCCCAGAATCGTTACCCCGACACAGGAGTGCCAGAACAAGGAA
AGACTTAAAGAAAAAAAAGGAACTCGGCAAACCCAGACCTCGCCTGTTTACCAAAAACATCGCCTCTTGC
ATTCCAAAGTATAAGAGGTCCCACCTGCCCTGTGACTCTAAGTTTAACGGCCGCGGTATTCTAACCGTGC
GAAGGTAGCGCAATCAATTGCCTTTTAAATGAAGGCCTGTATGAATGGTATAACGAGGGTCTAGCTGTCT
CTTTTTTCTAGTCAGTTAAACTGATCTGTCCGTGCAGAAGCGGACATAAATATACAAGACGAGAAGACCC
TATGGAGCTTTAGACACTAGCCAACTGTGAATAAGCGACTGAACTGAGCAAGTCCTAAATACCCGCAGCC
TTATGGTAATGTAGTCTTAGGTTGGGGCGACCACGGGAGAAAGTAAAGCTCCCAAGCAGACCGGGAAAAC
CCTTAAGCCGAGAATTGCAACTCTAAGCCGCAAAATTTTTGACTGAAATGATCCGGTTGAAAAACCGATT
AACGAACCAAGTTACCCTAGGGATAACAGCGCAATCCTCTCCCAGAGTCCCTATCGACGAGGGGGTTTAC
GACCTCGATGTTGGATCAGGACATCCTAATGGTGCAGCCGCTATTAAGGGTTCGTTTGTTCAACGATTAA
AGTCCTACGTGATCTGAGTTCAGACCGGAGTAATCCAGGTCGGTTTCTATCTGTAAAGCCATCACCCCTA
GTACGAAAGGACCGGAGTGAAGGGGCCTATGCTAGAAGCAAGCCCCATATCTACCTGCTGAAATCAACTA
AAGCAGGTAAGGATAAGCAATCCAACGGCTCAAGAAAAGAGCCGTCTTATTTATTCGCGCTAGAGTGGCA
GAGCCTGGTAAATGCAGGAAGCCTAAGCCTTCCACCCCGGAGGTTCAAGTCCTCCCTCTAACTTATGCTA
AGCACTATCATTACCCATATCGTTAACCCCCTGGCCTATATTGTGCCCGTACTACTAGCAGTAGCATTCT
TAACACTTGTGGAGCGAAAAGTACTGGGCTATATGCAACTACGGAAAGGCCCTAATGTTGTAGGACCTTA
CGGCCTCCTTCAACCTATTGCGGATGGGGTTAAACTGTTTATTAAAGAGCCAGTCCGACCCTCTACCTCC
GCACCATTTCTCTTCCTAGCCACCCCCACCTTAGCCCTCACCCTGGCCCTTACTCTGTGAGCACCTCTAC
CCATGCCTCACCCAGTTACAGACTTAAACCTAAGCATGCTATTCATTCTAGCACTGTCAAGTCTCGCCGT
GTACTCCATCCTAGGCTCCGGGTGGGCATCCAATTCTAAGTACGCTCTCATTGGAGCACTCCGAGCAGTA
GCCCAAACTATTTCTTATGAGGTAGCACTAGGACTTATTCTTCTTTCCACAATCGTTTTCACGGGTGGTT
TTACTCTTACAATATTTAGTGTAACCCAAGAAAGCATTTGACTGCTTGCCCCAGCCTGACCATTAGCAGC
AATGTGATTTGTTTCAACACTAGCTGAAACCAATCGGGCACCCTTTGACCTTACCGAGGGAGAGTCTGAA
TTAGTGTCCGGCTTCAACGTAGAGTACGCGGGCGGACCGTTCGCCCTCTTCTTCCTGGCTGAGTATGCCA
ACATTCTATTTATAAATACACTGTCAGCCATTCTGTTCCTAGGCGCAACCAATTTACCCATGCTTCCGGA
ACTTACAACTATTAATATTATGATTAAAGCCGCTTTACTATCTGCTCTCTTCTTATGAGTGCGGGCCTCC
TATCCTCGATTCCGGTATGATCAACTTATGCACCTAGTGTGAAAAAACTTCTTACCTCTAACACTAGCCC
TCATTTTATGACACACAGCTGTACCTCTTGCTACCGCGGGATTGCCACCCCAACTGTAACGGAACTGTGC
CTGAACGCCTAAGGGACACTTTGATAGAGTGAACCACGGGGGTTAAACTCCCCTCAGCTCCTTAGAAATA
AGGGAATTGAACCCTTCCTCCGAAAATCAAAACTTCGGGTGCTTCCTCTACACCATTTTCTAGTAAGGTC
AGCTAAATAAGCTTTTGGGCCCATACCCCAAACATGTTGGTTAAAATCCTTCCCATACTAATGAACCCCT
ACGTACTCACCCTTTTACTTATGAGCTTGGGACTGGGCACCACCCTCACCTTCATAAGCTCACACTGGCT
TCTTGCCTGAATAGGCCTAGAGATTAACACCCTGGCCATTATTCCTCTTATAGCCCAAAAGCATCACCCC
CGAGCAGTAGAGGCCACAACCAAGTATTTTCTTATTCAGGCGACGGCGGCGGCCATGATCTTGTTTGCTG
CATCCACCAACGCCTGAATTATGGGCCAGTGGGACATTAACCACATGTCTCACCCCCTCACCTCTGCCAT
AGCTATAACTGCACTGGCACTTAAGGTAGGATTAGCACCTCTTCATCTTTGACTGCCCGAAGTACTGCAA
GGCATTACTATCACCACTGGATTGATCCTCTCTACATGACAAAAGCTAGCTCCGCTAGCGCTGATCATGC
AAACAGCGAATTTCACTCACCCCCTTCTCCTTACTACACTGGCACTCTCGTCAACACTTATTGGGGGATG
AGGAGGCCTAAACCAGACCCAATTGCGTAAGATCTTAGCATACTCTTCAATCGCTCACCTGGGCTGAATG
ATCTTAATATCACAAATGGCCCCCCAAATGACCCTCATTGCATTAATCACTTATATTGTCATGACAAGTG
CAGCCTTCCTTACCTTAAACAACATCAACTGCACGAAAACTATCACCCTAGCCTCAGCTTGGACCAAAGC
TCCTACGATAGCAGCCTTAACTTGTCTTATTCTTCTGTCTTTAGGCGGCCTGCCGCCCCTTACAGGATTC
TTACCCAAGTGACTTATTATCCAGGAGCTTGCTAGTCAAGGATTAGCGCTAACCGCTACTGTAATTGCTC
TTACTGCTCTAATTAGCCTCTTCTTCTATCTACGGTTAACCTACGCCGTCACCCTTACCCTCTCGCCACA
AACCTCCTACGCTACCACGCCCTGACGAATTCAAGCCAAGCAGTCAACACTAGCCCTCTCTTTAGCTACC
ATTTCGGCTACCTGCTTACTTCCCCTTACCCCAACCGTTTTTACTCTTTTAACCTAGAGACTTAGGATAG
TATTTAGACCATGAGCCTTCAAAGCTCCGAGCAGGAGTGAAAATCTCCTAGTCCCTGCTAAGACTTGCGG
GATTTTATCCCACATCACCTGAATGCAACTCAGGCACTTTAATTAAGCTAAAGCCTTTCTAGGCGGGAAG
GCCTCGATCCTACAAACTCTTAGTTAACAGCTAAGCGCCCTAACCAGCGAGCATCCGCCTACTTTCCCCG
CCGCCTCCGTAAAAGGCGGGGAAAGCCCCGGCAGGCGTCAACCTACGTCTTCGGGCTTGCAACCCGACAT
GAACTTCACCACAGAGCTTGGTAGAAAGAGGATTTAAACCTCTGTCATCGGAGCTACAATCCGCCGCCTA
AGCCCTCGGCCAATCTACCTGTGGCAATTACACGTTGATTTTTCTCAACAAATCACAAAGACATTGGCAC
CCTATATCTTATTTTCGGTGCCTGAGCAGGAATGGTAGGGACAGCACTTAGCCTCCTTATTCGAGCAGAA
CTAAGCCAACCAGGAGCACTCCTGGGGGACGATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTTACTGCTCACGCATTCG
TAATAATCTTTTTTATGGTAATGCCCATCCTAATCGGTGGGTTCGGGAATTGATTGGTTCCTCTTATACT
AGGGGCCCCAGACATGGCATTCCCCCGAATGAACAATATGAGCTTTTGACTCCTTCCCCCTTCTTTCCTT
CTCCTCTTAGCATCATCTGGTGTTGAAGCAGGAGCCGGGACAGGATGAACAGTCTACCCCCCTCTAGCAG
GAAACCTTGCCCACGCCGGAGCGTCAGTAGATTTAACAATCTTCTCTCTTCACCTGGCAGGGATTTCATC
AATCCTAGGTGCCATTAATTTCATTACTACCATCATTAATATGAAACCACCTGCTATTTCACAATACCAG
ACACCTCTATTTGTCTGAGCTGTATTAATCACGGCAGTACTTTTACTTCTTTCACTACCCGTTCTAGCTG
CTGGGATTACTATGCTTCTTACAGACCGAAACCTAAATACTACTTTCTTCGACCCAGCAGGGGGAGGAGA
CCCAATTCTTTATCAACACCTATTCTGATTCTTCGGGCACCCCGAAGTCTATATTCTTATTCTTCCCGGA
TTCGGGATGATCTCCCACATTGTAGCTTACTACGCCGGTAAAAAGGAACCTTTCGGGTACATGGGTATGG
TCTGAGCTATGATGGCTATCGGACTACTAGGGTTCATTGTATGAGCCCACCACATGTTCACAGTTGGTAT
GGACGTAGACACTCGAGCATACTTCACATCTGCAACAATGATTATTGCCATCCCCACAGGAGTAAAAGTC
TTTAGCTGACTCGCCACCCTGCACGGAGGGGCTATTAAGTGAGAAACCCCTATGCTTTGAGCACTAGGCT
TTATCTTCTTATTTACAGTCGGCGGTCTAACAGGTATTGTTCTAGCGAATTCATCTCTAGACATTGTTCT
CCATGACACATACTATGTAGTAGCACACTTCCACTACGTCCTCTCAATGGGTGCAGTATTTGCCATCGTT
GCAGGATTTGTGCACTGATTCCCGCTATTTACAGGATACACCCTTCACAGCACCTGAACAAAAATCCACT
TTGGTGTTATGTTCGTGGGGGTAAATCTTACATTCTTCCCTCAACACTTCCTAGGACTAGCAGGAATGCC
TCGACGGTACTCCGACTACCCAGACGCGTACACTCTTTGAAACACAGTATCCTCAATCGGCTCTCTAATC
TCCCTTGTCGCAGTAATTATGTTCTTGTTTATTATTTGAGAAGCATTCGCCGCCAAACGAGAAGTAGCAT
CAGTAGAGCTAACTATTACTAACGTAGAATGACTTCACGGATGCCCTCCCCCTTATCACACCTTTGAGGA
ACCAGCTTTCGTTCAAGTTAAATAACGAGAAAGGAGGGAATCGAACCCCCGTAGGATGGTTTCAAGCCAA
CCACATAACCACTCTGACACTTTCTTAATTTGAGGTGCTAGTAAAATATTACCTTGTCTTGTCAAGACAA
AATTGTGGGTTAAACCCCCACGCACCTTGACAGAGCTAAATGGCACATCCCTCACAATTAGGATTGCAAG
ACGCGGCCTCCCCTGTTATAGAAGAATTAATTCACTTCCACGACCATGCACTAATAATCGTATTTTTAAT
TAGTACTTTAGTTCTTTACGTCATCGTAGCTATGGTCTCTATCAAGCTCACGAACAAATACATTCTAGAT
TCACAAGAAATCGAAATCGTGTGAACTATTCTCCCTGCTGTCATTCTTATTATGATCGCACTTCCATCTC
TACGAATCCTCTACCTCATGGATGAAATTAACGACCCTCATTTAACCATTAAAGCTGTAGGGCACCAATG
ATACTGAAGCTATGAGTATACAGACTACGAAGACCTAGGATTTGACTCATACATAGTCCCCACTCAAGAC
CTCATCCCTGGGCAGTTCCGACTTCTGGAAACTGATCATCGAATGGTTGTCCCAATAGAATCTCCTGTGC
GAGTATTAGTTACAGCTGAAGATGTACTTCACTCCTGAGCAGTTCCGGCACTAGGCGTAAAAATGGACGC
TGTACCGGGTCGTCTCAATCAAACCGCCTTCATTACATCTCGGCCCGGAGTATTCTACGGGCAATGTTCA
GAGATTTGCGGAGCTAACCACAGTTTTATGCCTATCGTGGTAGAAGCCGTCCCTCTTGAACACTTCGAAA
ATTGATCATCACTCATAATTGAAGACGCCTCATCAGGAAGCTAAAAGGATCTAGCGTCAGCCTTTTAAGC
TGAAGTTTGGTGACTCCGCCCCACCTCTGGTGACATGCCTCAATTAAACCCCGCCCCTTGATTTTTTATT
TTAATCCTTTCATGACTTACATTTTTAATTATTCTCCCTCCAAAAGTTTTGGCGCACGAGTTCACTAACG
AACCTACAGTAATGGGCGCCGAGAAACCCAAACCTGAATCCTGAAACTGACCATGATACTAAGCTTCTTC
GATCAATTTGCAAGCCCAAATTATATAGGAATTCCTTTAATTGCCCTGGCAATTGTTCTTCCATGAATTC
TCTTCCCGACCCCAACCTCCCGATGATTAAACAACCGCCTTCTTACTCTTCAGGGGTGATTCATTAACCG
TGTTAGCCAACAAATCTTTCTTCCTATCAACCCCGGAGGTCACAAGTGAGCTATGCTATTTACATCCCTG
CTGGTATTCCTTATTACCATCAACATGCTAGGGCTTCTGCCGTACACATTTACTCCAACTACACAACTAT
CTCTAAATATAGCATTCGCAGTGCCCCTATGACTAGCTACTGTTATTATTGGTATGCGAAATCAACCGAC
CGCAGCACTAGGACATCTGCTTCCAGAAGGCACTCCCGGCCCTCTAATTCCTGTTCTGATTGTTATCGAA
ACTATTAGCTTGTTTATTCGACCTCTTGCGCTTGGCGTCCGACTTACAGCCAACCTCACGGCAGGCCACC
TGCTAATTCAACTTATTGCAACTGGAGCATTTGTTCTTCTCCCTATTATGCCTACCGTCGCCATTCTTAC
AGCCACAGTGCTCTTCCTCTTAACCTTATTAGAAGTAGCTGTTGCAATGATTCAAGCGTATGTCTTTGTA
CTTCTGCTTAGCCTCTATCTACAAGAGAACGTCTAATGGCCCACCAAGCACATGCATTCCACATAGTCGA
CCCCAGCCCCTGACCTTTAACCGGCGCAGTCGGAGCCCTGCTGCTCACATCTGGCACTGCGATCTGATTC
CACTTCCATTCAACTACACTAGCTACATTAGGATTTGTTTTGACGATCCTTACTATGTACCAGTGATGAC
GGGACATTGTCCGAGAAGGCACTTTCCAAGGTCACCATACACCTCCGGTTCAAAAAGGTCTTCGGTACGG
GATGATCCTTTTTATTACATCCGAAGTTTTCTTCTTTGCGGGATTCTTCTGAGCATTTTACCACTCTAGC
CTAGCCCCTACCCCTGAACTAGGTGGATGCTGACCCCCTACGGGCATCACAACTCTGGACCCGTTCGAAG
TACCTCTCCTAAATACAGCAGTCCTTCTTGCATCCGGCGTAACCGTTACATGAGCCCACCACGCCCTGAT
AGAGGGGGAGCGGAAGCAAGCAATTCAGTCTCTTACACTAACAATTCTATTAGGATTCTACTTTACGTTC
CTGCAAGGAATGGAGTACTACGAAGCCCCTTTTACTATTGCGGATGGAGTTTATGGATCTACATTCTTCG
TAGCCACAGGTTTCCACGGACTTCATGTTATTATTGGCTCAACATTCCTAGCTGTATGCCTATTACGTCA
AGTACTCTACCATTTCACCTCTAATCACCACTTTGGCTTTGAAGCCGCTGCCTGATACTGACACTTTGTC
GACGTAGTATGATTATTCTTGTACGTCTCTATCTACTGATGAGGATCATAATCTTTCTAGTATAAAGACA
ATACGAATGGCTTCCAACCATTTAATCTTAGTTTAAATCTAAGGAAAGATAATGAACCTAATCACAACAA
TTTTAGCAATCGCAACTGCCTTATCGCTCGTGCTAATGACCGTTTCCTTCTGACTTCCACAGATGGCCCC
TGATGCAGAAAAGCTATCACCCTACGAATGCGGCTTTGACCCCCTTGGCTCCGCCCGCCTCCCATTTTCT
ATGCGATTCTTTTTGGTTGCAATTCTTTTCCTGCTGTTTGACTTGGAAATCGCTTTACTCCTCCCCCTCC
CATGAGGAAATCAACTCTTAGAGCCTAAAACAACTTTAATCTGAGTAATTGCCGTGCTTGGACTTCTAAC
CCTTGGACTCGTCTACGAATGACTTCAGGGGGGGCTTGAGTGAGCCGAATAGAGAGTTAGTCCAAAAAAG
ACTTCTAATTTCGGCTTAGACAATTATGGTGAAAATCCATAACCCTCTTATGACCCCAACACACTTCAGC
TTTACCACAGCGTTTATTCTAGGCCTCTCGGGAGTAGCGTTTCATCGAACCCACCTTCTTTCTGCACTTT
TGTGCTTAGAAGGGATAATACTATCACTGTTTATTGCCTTGTCACTCTGGTCATTGCAAATAGGAGCAAC
AAATTTTACACCGGCACCTATGATGCTGCTCGCTTTCTCAGCATGTGAAGCAAGTGCAGGACTAGCGCTA
TTAGTAGCAACAGCTCGTACTCACGGCACCGACCGCCTTCAAAACCTAAATCTTCTACAATGCTAAAAGT
ACTAATTCCTACTCTTATGCTGTTCCCAACTATCTGGCTGTCCCCACAGAAGTGACTGTGGACTGCTACC
ACCGCACACAGCTTAGTCATTGCCCTTCTCAGCTTCAGCTGATTAAGCTGACCGTCTGAGACAGGGTGGT
CAGCCTCTAATACCTACATGGCCATTGATCCCCTATCCTCTCCTCTACTAGTACTTACATGCTGGCTGCT
CCCATTAATAATCCTAGCTAGCCAAAATCATACGCAAACGGAGCCTATTTCCCGCCAACGAATGTACATT
ACTCTACTAACCTCCCTGCAAGCCTTCCTTATCTTAGCCTTTGGAGCTACTGAGGTCATCATGTTTTACA
TCATATTTGAAGCTACACTGGTCCCTACTCTAATTATTATTACCCGCTGAGGAAATCAGGCGGAGCGGCT
CAACGCAGGTACATACTTTTTATTCTATACCCTAGCAGGATCTCTCCCTCTTCTGGTTGCACTGCTAGCA
CTGCAAGCCTCAACAGGTAGCCTCTCAATAATTACATTGAACTTTAACGAGCTCCCTTCTCTCACTCACC
AGGCCGACAAGCTCTGGTGAGCCGCCTGTCTTCTTGCCTTCCTAGTTAAGATACCACTTTATGGGGTCCA
TCTTTGACTTCCTAAAGCCCATGTAGAAGCACCCATCGCAGGCTCCATGGTACTTGCTGCAGTTCTCTTA
AAACTTGGAGGGTACGGCATGATTCGAATTACACCCATCCTTGACCCACTCACAAAAGAAATGGCTTACC
CCTTTATTGTTCTTGCACTCTGAGGGATCGTGATAACGGGGACCATCTGCTTGCGCCAAACAGACCTAAA
ATCACTCATCGCTTACTCATCAGTAAGTCACATGGGACTTGTAGCTGGTGGAATCCTCACCCAAACTCCT
TGGGGCCTAACCGGTGCAATCATCCTTATAATCGCACACGGACTCACCTCTTCAGCACTTTTCTGTTTAG
CCAACACAAGCTACGAACGGACTCATAGCCGTACAATAGCCCTTGCCCGGGGCATACAAACCCTGTTCCC
GCTAACAGCAACCTGGTGATTCATCGCTAATTTAGCCAACCTGGCCCTTCCCCCTCTTCCAAACTTAATG
GGAGAAATAATGATCATTACCACAATGTTCAACTGATCACCATGATCTATTGTTTTGACAGGATTAGGGA
CCCTAATTACTGCGGGCTATTCACTATACATGTTCTTGATAACACAGCGGGGTCAAACGCCTTCCCACAT
CACCGCACTTCCCCCTTACCACACTCGAGAACACTTATTAATCTCCCTTCATCTTATTCCCATCATTCTT
CTTATGGTTAAGCCAGAACTCATGTGAGGATGATTCTATTGCAGGTGTAGTTTACTCAAAATGTTGGATT
GTGATTCCAAAGAAAGGGGTTAAACCCCCCTCCCCCGCCGGAGAGAGGCCTGAGGCACAAGAGACTGCTA
ATCTCTTTCCCTACAGTTAAAATCTGTAGCTCACTCGGCTCATGAAGGATAATAGTCATCCGCTGGTCTT
AGGAACCAAAAACTCTTGGTGCAAATCCAAGCAGGAGCTATGCAAACCACCCTTGTAATAACCACATCAT
TTATCCTTATCTTTGTCATGCTAGCATACCCCCTTATAACCACAATTAATCCCACCCCTGTGAAAGGCCA
ATGAGCAACCACCCACGTAAAGACCGCGGTTAGCACTGCATTTGCTGTAAGTTTATTACCCCTATTTATC
TTTCTTGACCAGGGACTGGAAGCAGTAGTAACGACCTGACACTGGATAAACACTTCCACGTTTTCCATTA
GTGTTAGTCTTAAACTTGACTTCTATTCTATTATCTTCACACCAATTGCTCTCTTCGTCACATGGTCAAT
TTTAGAGTTCGCTGCTTGATATATGCACGAAGACCCTAACATGAACCGCTTCTTTAAATACCTGCTCACC
TTCCTCATCGCCATGGTTATTCTAGTTACAGCCAACAACATGTTTCAACTCTTTATTGGCTGAGAAGGCG
TAGGGATCATGTCCTTTCTTCTCATCGGCTGATGATACGGGCGGGCAGATGCCAACACCGCTGCACTCCA
AGCTGTTATCTATAACCGAGTAGGAGACATTGGGTTTATTTTGACTATGGCATGATTCGCCACCAAACTC
AATTCATGGGAGATTCAGCAAATTTTTTCTCTCTCTAAAGACTTTAACACCACGCTACCTGCACTGGGAC
TGGTCATTGCTGCCACAGGGAAGTCCGCACAATTTGGGCTGCATCCCTGACTTCCCTCTGCAATGGAGGG
CCCTACCCCAGTCTCTGCCCTACTGCACTCGAGCACTATGGTGGTTGCGGGCATCTTCTTGCTAATCCGC
CTCCACCCATTCATAGCATCGAACGAAACTATCATAACTATCTGCCTTTGCCTCGGTGCACTAACGACGC
TATTTACCGCTACATGCGCTTTAACCCAGAATGACATCAAGAAAATCGTAGCTTTTTCAACCTCTAGTCA
GCTGGGTCTGATAATAGTAACAATTGGGCTCAACCAACCACAACTTGCCTTCCTCCACATTTGCACTCAC
GCATTCTTTAAAGCCATGCTTTTCCTCTGCTCCGGGTCTATTATTCACAGCCTCAATGATGAACAGGACA
TTCGTAAAATGGGCGGACTTCACCACCTGGCACCTTTTACCTCCACCTGCACGACAATCGGAAGCTTAGC
CCTTACGGGAACACCATTTCTGGCCGGATTCTTCTCCAAAGACGCAATCATCGAAGCCCTAAACACCTCA
CACCTAAACGCCTGAGCCCTTATCTTAACCCTGGTGGCAACTTCTTTCACAGCTGCTTATAGCCTCCGAG
TAATCTTCTTTGTTTCTATAGGGACCCCTCGATTCCTGCCCTTATCACCCATTAACGAGAACGACCCTCA
GGTTATTAACCCAATCAAGCGATTGGCTTGAGGAAGCATTGTTGCAGGCCTAATTCTTACCTCTAATATT
CTCCCTTTAAACACCCCTATCATGACCATGCCTCCTGTGCTTAAGCTAGCTGCCCTTCTTGTCACAATCA
TCGGACTTCTCACTGCATTAGAACTAGCAAACCTGACATCGAAGCAAGTAAAAATTACTCCAACTATTAA
GGTGCACAACTTCTCGAATGCATTAGGATACTTCCCTGCTACAGTTCACCGCCTGGTCCCTAAAGTCACT
CTTATTATAGGACAAACGATGGCTAACCAAATGGCTGATCAGACATGACTAGAGGCCTCCGGCCCTAAAG
GCTTGTCATCTGTACAACTAAAGATATCTTCTATTACGAGCGACATGCAACAGGGGATGATCAAAACCTA
CCTCACTACTTTCCTCATTACCCTGGCCCTGGCAACGCTAATAGTCCTAATCTAGACGGCTCGGAGAGTC
CCTCGATCCACCCCTCGGACAATCTCAAGCACAACAAACAGACTTAGCAAGAGAACCGCAGCACAGATAA
CTAGCAAGCCTCCTCCTATGGAATACATTACCCCTACACCTCCAGTATCTTCAGATAACACAAAGAATTC
CTTGAAAGTACTCACCGAGGGCAACAGATAATTGTACCAGTCCCCACTAAAATAACCCGCAGCTACGACT
ACCGCAACTAAATAACATACCACATACTCTAACACCGAGGCCTCTCATCAACCCTCTGGATGAGGCTCGG
CTGCTAAAGCTGCCGAGTAGGCAAACACAACCAGCATTCCTCCCAGATAGATTAAAAATAACACCAGCGC
CAAGAAAGAGGCTCCGCACCCAGCCAAGATAGCACACCCTGCTCCAGCCACCACAACCAACCCAAGGGCT
GCAAAGTAGGGTGCTGGATTAGATGCTACCCCCACCAACCCTAAAATTAACAGTAAAAGTCATCCACAAA
ATAAGTAAGACATAATTTCCACTCGGACTTTAACCAAGACTAATGACTTGAAAAACCACCGTTGTTATTC
AACTATAGAAACCTCTAATGGCAAGCCTACGAAAAACCCACCCCCTACTCAAGATCGCTAACGACGCAGT
AGTAGACCTCCCAGCACCATCCAACATTTCAGTCTGATGAAATTTTGGATCCCTTTTAGGACTATGCTTG
GCCACACAAATCCTTACAGGACTTTTCCTAGCTATACACTACACCTCGGACATCGCTACCGCTTTCTCGT
CAGTGGCCCACATTTGTCGAGACGTAAATTACGGGTGACTAATCCGAAATATGCATGCAAACGGAGCCTC
ATTCTTTTTCATCTGCATTTATGCACACATTGCTCGAGGACTGTACTACGGTTCTTATCTTTACATAGAA
ACTTGAAACATTGGAGTAGTACTACTTCTTTTAGTTATGATGACTGCCTTCGTTGGGTACGTACTACCCT
GAGGACAAATGTCCTTCTGAGGGGCAACTGTCATTACCAACCTTATGTCTGCAGTTCCTTACGTAGGTAC
TGAATTAGTCCAATGAATTTGAGGAGGCTTTTCGGTCGACAACGCGACTCTTACTCGGTTCTTCGCCTTC
CACTTCTTGTTCCCCTTCGTTATTGCAGGTGTTACTATCCTTCACCTTTTATTTTTACACGAAACGGGAT
CTAACAACCCAGCAGGGCTCAATTCTGACGCCGATAAAATCGCATTCCACCCATACTTCTCTTATAAAGA
TCTCTTAGGATTCGCAGTAATGCTACTGGCGCTGACCTCGCTGGCATTATTCTCCCCCAACTTATTAGGA
GACCCTGACAATTTTACCCCAGCTAATCCCCTTGTCACCCCACCTCATATTAAGCCTGAGTGATACTTCC
TCTTTGCCTACGCCATTCTCCGATCTATTCCGAACAAGCTAGGTGGAGTACTTGCCCTTCTGTTCTCTAT
TCTAGTTCTTATGGTCGTACCTATCTTGCACACCTCTAAACAACGAGGAATTACTTTCCGACCCATTACA
CAATTCCTATTCTGAACCCTTGTTGCCGACGTCATTATTCTCACATGAATCGGAGGTATGCCAGTCGAAC
ACCCATTCATTATTATTGGTCAAGTGGCATCGCTACTCTACTTCTCTATTTTCCTTGTACTAGCTCCGGT
GGCAGGGTGATTAGAGAACAAAGCCCTAAACTGAAACTGCCCTAGTAGCTTAGTGTTTTAAAGCGCCGGT
CTTGTAATCCGGAAACGGAGGTTAAAATCCTCCCTGAGGCCCAAAGGGAAGAGGCTTGAACTCCCACCAC
TAGCTCCCAAAGCTAGCATTCTAAAGTTAAACTACCCTCTGGTAATGCGGCCGCCGCGCCCAAATAGTGC
TTGATGCCCTTAGGCAGTTCAAGCACTTGTTCATGACTGCGCAGAGCATTCATGGACATATATGTATTAT
TTTACATACACTATGGTGTTAACCCATATATGCATAATATTACATATATTATGGTGTTAATACATACTAT
GTATAACTTTACACTATCTATGTATAAGTAAATACCTTAAGGTATAATATACTGAATCTAAGGACATAAG
AACACTATCAACATAAATATAATTAAACCCAACCAAGTAACAATAAAACTTAGACAGACATAAACTGCAA
ACAGAAGACTCACGAAGAACTCCAACGTAGCTGAGTAATAGAATAATCCCCATAACCCTGTTTAACCATT
TTCTATGCGTTCCCCAACATTACTCGATCACGCACTTAATTAATGTAGTAAAGTCCCACCATCGATTGCA
TCCTAATGTGGATCATGAATGATGGTCAGGTCCATAAATCGTGGGGGTCGCACAGAATGAATTATTTCTG
GCCTCTGGTTCCTTCGTCAGGTTCCCTTATCACATAAACCCCCCATCAATCGCACTTTTGCGCATAAGTT
AATGCATGTGAATCGAACCCACTTTACCCACCATGCCGAGCGTTCACTCTAAGGGGCATTTGGTATTTTT
TTTTCGTCTACCTTTCACTTGGCATTTGGCGGGGTCCTTCCTAATGTTAGTTCCATAAGGTTGAACATAT
TCCTTGCTTGCGGTTTCTTTATGTTCAGTACTTCACCAACATTCTTATAAGAATTGCATAAGTGATTTCA
AGAGCATAAACTATCGTTATTTACTCCTTATTCCCCTATTTATGTGGCCCTCCCTCCCTCAAAAAATCGA
CGTTTTCGCGCGACAAACCCCCTTACCCCCTACGACCCAGACAAGCCTATTTTTTTCTGTCAAACCCCGA
AACCAGGAAAGACCGGACTGGCGTATTCTAGCGAGTTTCGTTTGTGTGCTAGTCTTATAGTGCTGCAAAA
ATGAAATTTCGTTTA


Contact: Vadim E. Fraifeld, MD, PhD

Head: Lab for the Biology of Aging, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel

Email:
How to cite us:

If you would like to cite this database please use:
Toren D, Barzilay T, Tacutu R, Lehmann G, Muradian KK, Fraifeld VE. MitoAge: a database for comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA, with a special focus on animal longevity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44(D1):D1262-5.